da Silva Simião Alefe Soares, de Lima-Filho Paulo Augusto, da Motta-Neto Clóvis Coutinho, da Costa Gideão Wagner Werneck Félix, Cioffi Marcelo de Bello, Bertollo Luiz Antônio Carlos, Molina Wagner Franco
Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN 59.078-970 Brazil.
Instituto Federal de Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, RN 59200-000 Brazil.
Mar Life Sci Technol. 2021 Jan 4;3(3):293-302. doi: 10.1007/s42995-020-00084-6. eCollection 2021 Aug.
The order Gobiiformes is made up of more than 2200 species, representing one of the most diverse groups among teleost fishes. The biological causes for the tachytelic karyotype evolution of the gobies have not yet been fully studied. Here we expanded cytogenetic data for the Eleotridae family, analyzing the neotropical species , , and . In addition, a meta-analytical approach was followed for elucidating the karyotype diversification versus biological aspects (habitat and egg type) of the Gobiiformes. The species and present 2 = 46 acrocentric chromosomes (NF = 46), 2 = 46 (36sm + 4st + 6a; NF = 86), and the most divergent karyotype, with 2 = 52 acrocentric chromosomes (NF = 52). Besides numeric and structural diversification in the karyotypes, the mapping of rDNAs and microsatellites also showed noticeable numerical and positional variation, supporting the high chromosomal evolutionary dynamism of these species. In Gobiiformes, karyotype patterns which are more divergent from the basal karyotype (2 = 46a) are associated with characteristics less effective to dispersion, such as the benthic habit. These adaptive characteristics, connected with the organization of the repetitive DNA content in the chromosomes, likely play a synergistic role in the remarkable karyotype diversification of this group.
虾虎鱼目由2200多种鱼类组成，是硬骨鱼中最多样化的类群之一。虾虎鱼快速核型进化的生物学原因尚未得到充分研究。在此，我们扩展了塘鳢科的细胞遗传学数据，分析了新热带物种[物种名称1]、[物种名称2]、[物种名称3]和[物种名称4]。此外，我们采用了一种荟萃分析方法来阐明虾虎鱼目的核型多样化与生物学特征（栖息地和卵的类型）之间的关系。[物种名称1]和[物种名称2]有2n = 46条近端着丝粒染色体（NF = 46），[物种名称3]为2n = 46（36条亚中着丝粒染色体 + 4条近端着丝粒染色体 + 6条端着丝粒染色体；NF = 86），而[物种名称4]具有最不同的核型，有2n = 52条近端着丝粒染色体（NF = 52）。除了核型的数量和结构多样化外，核糖体DNA和微卫星的定位也显示出明显的数量和位置变化，这支持了这些物种高度的染色体进化动态性。在虾虎鱼目中，与基础核型（2n = 46条端着丝粒染色体）差异较大的核型模式与扩散效率较低的特征有关，如底栖习性。这些适应性特征与染色体中重复DNA含量的组织有关，可能在该类群显著的核型多样化中发挥协同作用。
