Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan.
Department of Biological Chemistry, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 20;18(4):e0284817. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284817. eCollection 2023.
We characterized the potential functioning and composition of the bacterial and fungal communities in the O and A horizons of forest soils using community-level physiological profile (CLPP) based on BIOLOG analysis, and polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) analysis of 16S and 18S rDNA fragments, respectively. In addition, relationships between the potential functioning and the community composition in each horizon, and between the O and A horizons, were assessed using Procrustes analysis. For the bacterial and fungal communities, the CLPP and DGGE profile were clearly separated between the O and A horizons in a principal coordinate analysis except for the fungal CLPP. No significant links for CLPP and DGGE profile between the O and A horizons were observed for either bacterial or fungal communities, suggesting that different factors had considerable influence on the microbial communities between the O and A horizons. Significant couplings between bacterial and fungal DGGE profiles (p <0.05 for O horizon; p <0.01 for A horizon), and between bacterial and fungal CLPPs (p = 0.001 for O horizon; p <0.01 for A horizon), were observed in the O and A horizons, implying that common factors strongly influenced the bacterial and fungal communities in each horizon. Although a significant correlation was observed between bacterial community composition and the potential functioning in the A horizon (p <0.01), such a correlation was not observed for the fungal community in the A horizon, and for the bacterial and fungal communities in the O horizon. This finding suggested that potential functioning, which would reflect only rapidly growing microorganisms, was not strongly associated with the composition of the entire microbial community. Further studies are needed to unravel the factors shaping the composition and functioning of microbial communities in forest soils.
我们利用基于生物发光分析的群落水平生理图谱（CLPP）和聚合酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）分别分析 16S 和 18S rDNA 片段，对森林土壤 O 层和 A 层中细菌和真菌群落的潜在功能和组成进行了描述。此外，我们还利用普罗克汝斯分析评估了每个层次的潜在功能和群落组成之间以及 O 层和 A 层之间的关系。对于细菌和真菌群落，除了真菌 CLPP 之外，在主坐标分析中，CLPP 和 DGGE 图谱在 O 层和 A 层之间明显分离。对于细菌或真菌群落，O 层和 A 层之间的 CLPP 和 DGGE 图谱之间没有明显的联系，这表明不同的因素对 O 层和 A 层之间的微生物群落有很大的影响。在 O 层和 A 层中观察到细菌和真菌 DGGE 图谱（O 层 p <0.05；A 层 p <0.01）之间以及细菌和真菌 CLPP 之间（O 层 p = 0.001；A 层 p <0.01）存在显著的耦合，这表明共同因素强烈影响每个层次中的细菌和真菌群落。虽然在 A 层中观察到细菌群落组成与潜在功能之间存在显著相关性（p <0.01），但在 A 层中的真菌群落以及在 O 层中的细菌和真菌群落中未观察到这种相关性。这一发现表明，潜在功能仅反映快速生长的微生物，与整个微生物群落的组成没有很强的关联。需要进一步的研究来揭示塑造森林土壤中微生物群落组成和功能的因素。
