Kuju Agricultural Research Center, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Oita, Japan 878-0201; Dairy Nutrition and Feeding Management, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Japan 739-8528.
Nippon Paper Industries Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan 114-0002.
J Dairy Sci. 2023 Jun;106(6):4443-4453. doi: 10.3168/jds.2022-22548. Epub 2023 Apr 18.
Kraft pulp (KP), an intermediate product obtained when wood chips are converted to paper, contains highly digestible fiber. This study evaluated the effect of KP inclusion in calf starters on growth performance, health, and plasma glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2) concentration in calves. Twenty-five Holstein heifer calves were raised on a high plane of nutrition program using milk replacer containing 29% crude protein and 18% fat until 49 d after birth, and were fed calf starters containing KP at 0 (CON; n = 14) or 12% (KPS; n = 11) on a dry matter basis. All calves were fed the treatment calf starters and timothy hay ad libitum. Blood was collected at 4, 14, 21, 35, 49, 70, and 91 d after birth. Dry matter intake (DMI) of milk replacer and hay was not affected by treatment, whereas calf starter DMI was lower for KPS (0.93 kg/d) than for CON (1.03 kg/d). Higher neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content in KPS (31.7%) than in the CON starter (22.1%) resulted in higher NDF intake for KPS (0.55 kg/d) than for CON (0.47 kg/d). However, the consumption of starch was lower for KPS (0.29 kg/d) than for CON (0.33 kg/d). Despite the lower starter intake for KPS, body weight and average daily gain did not differ between treatments. No significant difference was observed in the plasma concentrations of metabolites, except for β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB); BHB concentration was lower for KPS (216 μmol/L) than for CON (257 μmol/L). The area under the curve for plasma GLP-2 concentration was higher for KPS (54.1 ng/mL × d) than for CON (36.0 ng/mL × d). Additionally, the fecal score postweaning (1.19 and 1.48 for KPS and CON, respectively) and the number of days that calves developed diarrhea throughout the experimental period (2.50 d and 8.10 d for KPS and CON, respectively) were lower for KPS than for CON. These results indicate that feeding KP reduces the severity and frequency of diarrhea without adversely affecting growth performance. This could be attributed to the increased plasma GLP-2 concentration induced by higher NDF intake.
硫酸盐浆（KP）是一种将木片转化为纸的中间产物，含有高度易消化的纤维。本研究评估了在犊牛开食料中添加 KP 对犊牛生长性能、健康和血浆胰高血糖素样肽 2（GLP-2）浓度的影响。25 头荷斯坦小母牛在高营养水平的饲养方案下，使用含有 29%粗蛋白和 18%脂肪的代乳料饲养至出生后 49 天，然后分别用含有 0（CON；n = 14）或 12%（KPS；n = 11）干物质基础的 KP 的犊牛开食料进行饲养。所有的小母牛都自由采食处理后的犊牛开食料和提莫西干草。在出生后 4、14、21、35、49、70 和 91 天采血。代乳料和干草的干物质采食量（DMI）不受处理影响，而 KPS 的犊牛开食料 DMI（0.93 kg/d）低于 CON 的犊牛开食料 DMI（1.03 kg/d）。KPS 中的中性洗涤纤维（NDF）含量较高（31.7%），高于 CON 开食料中的 NDF 含量（22.1%），因此 KPS 的 NDF 摄入量较高（0.55 kg/d），CON 的 NDF 摄入量较低（0.47 kg/d）。然而，KPS 的淀粉摄入量较低（0.29 kg/d），CON 的淀粉摄入量较高（0.33 kg/d）。尽管 KPS 的开食料摄入量较低，但两组犊牛的体重和平均日增重没有差异。除了β-羟丁酸（BHB）外，血液代谢物浓度没有显著差异；KPS 的 BHB 浓度（216 μmol/L）低于 CON 的 BHB 浓度（257 μmol/L）。KPS 的血浆 GLP-2 浓度曲线下面积较高（54.1 ng/mL × d），CON 的血浆 GLP-2 浓度曲线下面积较低（36.0 ng/mL × d）。此外，断奶后粪便评分（KPS 和 CON 分别为 1.19 和 1.48）和整个实验期间犊牛腹泻天数（KPS 和 CON 分别为 2.50 d 和 8.10 d），KPS 组均低于 CON 组。这些结果表明，饲喂 KP 可降低腹泻的严重程度和频率，而不影响生长性能。这可能归因于较高 NDF 摄入引起的血浆 GLP-2 浓度增加。
