Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Indegene Inc., Princeton, NJ, USA.
Climacteric. 2023 Aug;26(4):323-328. doi: 10.1080/13697137.2023.2194529. Epub 2023 Apr 21.
Numerous surveys have documented that sexuality and/or sexual activity is important to women at all stages of adulthood, including postmenopause. Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) and hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) are common disorders in postmenopausal women and may co-occur. Both are often undiagnosed due to a lack of knowledge of the disorder, health-care professional discomfort in discussing sexual problems or a lack of routine screening. It is incumbent upon health-care professionals to identify and differentiate these conditions in women through a biopsychosocial assessment, and may require a focused physical examination. Numerous treatments, both non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic, are available to address GSM and HSDD.
大量调查表明，性和/或性行为对成年期各个阶段的女性都很重要，包括绝经后。绝经后女性常见的泌尿生殖系统综合征（GSM）和性欲低下障碍（HSDD）可能同时存在。由于对该疾病缺乏了解、医疗保健专业人员在讨论性问题时感到不适或缺乏常规筛查，这些疾病往往未被诊断。医疗保健专业人员有责任通过生物心理社会评估来识别和区分这些女性的疾病，可能需要进行有针对性的体格检查。有许多非药物和药物治疗方法可用于治疗 GSM 和 HSDD。
