The University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy Practice, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
The University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicinal and Biological Chemistry, 3000 Arlington Ave, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
Int J Pharm. 2023 May 25;639:122973. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122973. Epub 2023 Apr 19.
Computer-aided formulation design can streamline and speed up product development. In this study, ingredient screening and optimizing software, Formulating for Efficacy® (FFE), was used to design and optimize creams for the topical delivery of caffeine. FFE was set up to optimize lipophilic active ingredients, therefore, this study challenged the program's capabilities. The effect of two chemical penetration enhancers, including dimethyl isosorbide (DMI) and ethoxydiglycol (EDG), were studied based on their favorable Hansen Solubility Parameter physicochemical input parameters for the skin delivery of caffeine in the FFE® software application. Four oil-in-water emulsions containing 2% caffeine were formulated, one without a chemical penetration enhancer, one with five percent of DMI, one with five percent of EDG, and one with 2.5% of DMI and EDG each (DMI + EDG). Additionally, three commercial products were used as reference products. The cumulative amount of caffeine released and permeated, and the flux across Strat-M® membranes were determined using Franz diffusion cells. The eye creams had skin-compatible pH, excellent spreadability for the application area, were opaque emulsions with 14-17 μm droplet size, and were stable at 25 °C for 6 months. All four eye creams formulated released over 85% of caffeine in 24 h, outperforming the commercial products. DMI + EDG cream provided the highest permeation in vitro in 24 h, which was significantly higher than the commercial products (p < 0.05). FFE proved to be a valuable and quick tool to aid in the topical delivery of caffeine.
计算机辅助配方设计可以简化和加速产品开发。在这项研究中,使用了成分筛选和优化软件 Formulating for Efficacy®(FFE)来设计和优化用于局部递送咖啡因的乳膏。FFE 旨在优化亲脂性活性成分,因此,本研究对该程序的能力提出了挑战。研究了两种化学渗透增强剂,包括二甲基异山梨醇(DMI)和乙氧基二甘醇(EDG),基于它们对皮肤递送咖啡因的有利 Hansen 溶解度参数物理化学输入参数,在 FFE®软件应用程序中。配制了四种含有 2%咖啡因的油包水型乳剂,一种不含化学渗透增强剂,一种含有 5%的 DMI,一种含有 5%的 EDG,一种含有 2.5%的 DMI 和 EDG(DMI+EDG)。此外,还使用了三种商业产品作为参考产品。使用 Franz 扩散池测定累积释放量和渗透量以及穿过 Strat-M®膜的通量。眼部乳膏的皮肤相容性 pH 值良好,适用于应用区域的涂抹性,为不透明乳液,粒径为 14-17μm,在 25°C 下稳定 6 个月。所有四种眼部乳膏在 24 小时内释放了超过 85%的咖啡因,优于商业产品。DMI+EDG 乳膏在 24 小时内提供了最高的体外渗透,明显高于商业产品(p<0.05)。FFE 被证明是一种有价值且快速的工具,可以辅助咖啡因的局部递送。
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