Dobney Hypertension Centre, Medical School-Royal Perth Hospital Unit and RPH Research Foundation, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
Departments of Cardiology and Nephrology, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia.
Hypertens Res. 2023 Jul;46(7):1747-1758. doi: 10.1038/s41440-023-01287-x. Epub 2023 Apr 24.
Cardiometabolic disorders are associated with a substantial loss in quality of life and pose a large burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system has been shown to be a key player in several aspects relating to cardiometabolic disturbances. While diet- and exercise-induced approaches to help reduce weight remains the main strategy to combat metabolic disorders, this is often difficult to achieve. Current pharmacological approaches result in variable responses in different patient cohorts and long-term efficacy may be limited by medication side effects and non-adherence in the long term. There is a clear clinical need for complementary therapies to curb the burden of cardiometabolic disease. One such approach may include interventional sympathetic neuromodulation of organs relevant to cardiometabolic control. Data from sham-controlled clinical trials demonstrate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of catheter-based renal denervation. In analogy, denervation of the common hepatic artery is now feasible in humans and may prove to be similarly useful in modulating sympathetic overdrive directed towards the liver, pancreas and duodenum. Such a targeted multi-organ neuromodulation strategy may beneficially influence multiple aspects of the cardiometabolic disease continuum including blood pressure, glucose and lipid control.
心脏代谢紊乱与生活质量的大幅下降有关,并给全球医疗保健系统带来了巨大负担。交感神经系统的过度激活已被证明是与心脏代谢紊乱相关的几个方面的关键因素。虽然饮食和运动引起的减肥方法仍然是对抗代谢紊乱的主要策略,但这往往很难实现。目前的药物治疗方法在不同的患者群体中反应不一,长期疗效可能受到药物副作用和长期不依从性的限制。因此,迫切需要补充疗法来减轻心脏代谢疾病的负担。一种这样的方法可能包括针对与心脏代谢控制相关的器官的介入性交感神经调节。假手术对照临床试验的数据证明了基于导管的肾脏去神经支配的可行性、安全性和有效性。类似地,人类现在已经可以实现肝总动脉去神经支配,并且可能在调节针对肝脏、胰腺和十二指肠的交感神经过度兴奋方面同样有用。这种靶向多器官神经调节策略可能有益地影响心脏代谢疾病连续体的多个方面,包括血压、血糖和血脂控制。