Brahe Pedersen C, Vendelbo Johansen L
Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1986 Apr;11(2):93-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2273.1986.tb00113.x.
A retrospective investigation of the aetiology and results of treatment for traumatic, conductive hearing loss was performed in 122 patients treated from 1979 to 1983. The mean age at the time of the trauma was 25 years. The average treatment delay was 7 years. The patients were grouped according to the nature of the injury. The group with head injury (40 patients) was characterized by a frequent combination of young men and traffic accidents. Among direct trauma (16 patients) lesions to the tympanic membrane and/or the middle ear were caused by ear syringing or by the introduction of swabs or other instruments into the auditory canal. In the group exposed to indirect trauma (57 patients) the dominant single cause of the trauma in the present material consisted of a blow to the ear and was most often seen among young women. A subgroup exposed to blasts contained more young men. The dominant operative findings were rupture of the tympanic membrane, luxation of the incus, partial bone necrosis and fracture of the auditory ossicles. Ear surgery consisted of closure of the ruptured tympanic membranes and restoration of the sound-transmitting function of the ossicular chain. Normal hearing was restored in 78%, and hearing improved in another 10%. The hearing remained unchanged or deteriorated in 9% of the patients, a group often characterized by a long treatment delay and/or the development of chronic otitis.
对1979年至1983年期间接受治疗的122例创伤性传导性听力损失患者的病因及治疗结果进行了回顾性调查。受伤时的平均年龄为25岁。平均治疗延迟时间为7年。根据损伤的性质对患者进行分组。头部受伤组（40例患者）的特点是年轻男性与交通事故频繁合并。在直接创伤组（16例患者）中，鼓膜和/或中耳的损伤是由耳冲洗或将棉签或其他器械插入耳道引起的。在间接创伤组（57例患者）中，本研究材料中创伤的主要单一原因是耳部受击，最常见于年轻女性。一个暴露于爆炸的亚组中男性较多。主要的手术发现是鼓膜破裂、砧骨脱位、部分骨坏死和听小骨骨折。耳部手术包括封闭破裂的鼓膜和恢复听骨链的传音功能。78%的患者听力恢复正常，另有10%的患者听力有所改善。9%的患者听力保持不变或恶化，这组患者的特点通常是治疗延迟时间长和/或发生慢性中耳炎。
