Alhaj Omar A, Trabelsi Khaled, Younes Abdallah M, Shivappa Nitin, Bragazzi Nicola L, Hebert James R, Jahrami Haitham A
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan.
High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia.
Front Nutr. 2023 Apr 5;10:1098883. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1098883. eCollection 2023.
Multiple sclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease in young and middle-aged adults, is one of the leading causes of non-traumatic disability in adults. Diet is known to have an important role in the modulating inflammatory processes and influencing molecular pathways.
This study aims to examine the association of the inflammatory capacity of diet measured by DII with MS in Jordan.
This prevalent case-control study included participants of both sexes, aged between 20 and 60 years. The cases ( = 541) had a confirmed diagnosis of prevalent Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in the previous 3 years, and controls ( = 607) were apparently healthy individuals matched on sex and age (42 ± 4 years). A validated Arabic food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was utilized to obtain estimated dietary intake. Dietary data from the FFQ were analyzed using ESHA's Food Processor nutrition analysis software, and the results were used to calculate the DII scores. Logistic regression analyses, controlling for covariates such as age, sex, body mass index, and smoking status, were used to measure the association between DII score and MS outcomes.
Cases represent a mixed sample of MS phenotypes and controls were comparable on age and sex. However, controls tended to be taller, lighter, had a lower BMI, and had a lower smoking rate. After controlling for age, BMI, sex, and smoking status, there was a consistent increase in MS risk according to DII score, with a 10-fold increase in odds in quartile 4 vs. quartile 1 [OR = 10.17 (95% CI: 6.88; 15.04)]. For each point increase in DII score, there was nearly a doubling of odds [OR = 1.75 (95% CI: 1.59; 1.92)]. Individual nutrients and food values aligned according to their contribution to the DII score calculations.
The findings of this study, obtained in MS patients with varied illness duration over the previous 3 years, are consistent with an association between the overall inflammatory potential of diet and MS odds. Our findings among MS participants showed a significantly more pro-inflammatory DII scores than age- and sex-matched controls. Our results also suggest that MS group had a diet rich in pro-inflammatory foods and nutrients.
多发性硬化症是一种发生于中青年的慢性炎症性疾病，是成年人非创伤性残疾的主要原因之一。已知饮食在调节炎症过程和影响分子途径中发挥重要作用。
本研究旨在探讨用饮食炎症指数（DII）衡量的饮食炎症能力与约旦多发性硬化症之间的关联。
这项现患病例对照研究纳入了年龄在20至60岁之间的男女参与者。病例组（n = 541）在过去3年中被确诊为现患多发性硬化症（MS），对照组（n = 607）为年龄和性别匹配（42±4岁）的明显健康个体。使用经过验证的阿拉伯语食物频率问卷（FFQ）来获取估计的饮食摄入量。来自FFQ的饮食数据使用ESHA的食物处理器营养分析软件进行分析，结果用于计算DII分数。采用逻辑回归分析，控制年龄、性别、体重指数和吸烟状况等协变量，以衡量DII分数与MS结局之间的关联。
病例组代表了MS表型的混合样本，对照组在年龄和性别上具有可比性。然而，对照组往往更高、更瘦，体重指数更低，吸烟率也更低。在控制年龄、体重指数、性别和吸烟状况后，根据DII分数，MS风险持续增加，四分位数4与四分位数1相比，优势比增加了10倍[比值比（OR）= 10.17（95%置信区间：6.88；15.04）]。DII分数每增加1分，优势比几乎翻倍[OR = 1.75（95%置信区间：1.59；1.92）]。个体营养素和食物值根据其对DII分数计算的贡献进行排列。
本研究在过去3年中病程各异的MS患者中获得的结果，与饮食的总体炎症潜力和MS发病几率之间的关联一致。我们在MS参与者中的研究结果显示，其DII分数的促炎程度明显高于年龄和性别匹配的对照组。我们的结果还表明，MS组的饮食富含促炎食物和营养素。
