Ahmed Anas E, Madkhali Abdullah Y A, Mojiri Mohammed E M, Jada Abdulmajeed A A, Mojamami Mohammed Y A, Matari Mohammed H A, Beati Abdulelah Y M, Abdelwahab Siddig I, Khired Zenat A
Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Biomedical Research, Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Feb;12(2):289-294. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1107_22. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
Osteoporosis is especially prevalent in the older population and in women. Fractures lead to many health complications, placing an enormous burden on the health system. Improved knowledge will encourage healthy practices that prevent osteoporosis and help community members avoid unhealthy lifestyles and habits. The goal of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices relating to osteoporosis among male and female students of the Jazan community.
The Jazan region has 13 governorates and a population of more than 1.5 million. For this study, 440 participants were selected from seven different governorates, and the osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool (OKAT) was used together with five background variables and some questions on attitude and practice. A Chi-squared test was implemented to identify any significant relationships between the background variables and the knowledge and practice scores. A value of less than 0.05 was considered significant.
Of the 440 participants, 53% were men and 47% women. Thirty-three percent of them held government jobs, 73% had completed university, and 50% had a monthly income of less than 5,000 riyals. Regarding the risk factors for osteoporosis, 62 (14%) smoked, 37 (8.4%) used steroids, 184 (41.8%) had a family history of osteoporosis, and 393 (89.3%) had not attended an education campaign on osteoporosis. The highest number of correct answers in the OKAT was to the question "osteoporosis increases the risk of fractures" (423, 96.1%), and the lowest number of correct answers was to the question "osteoporosis is more common in men" (60, 13.6%). Regarding protective behaviors against osteoporosis, namely physical activity, daily intake of dairy products, attending an education campaign, and background characteristics, attending an education campaign was statistically significant, with a value of 0.003, but marital status, education level, body mass index (BMI), and occupation were not statistically significant. For the risk factors, sex was statistically significant, along with the daily soft drink intake and smoking but not with the use of steroids. Other background characteristics, such as education level and BMI, were not statistically significant as osteoporosis risk factors.
The participants' level of knowledge was high, and the risk factors for osteoporosis were still present together with a low level of achievement for protective measures. It is highly recommended that education campaigns be implemented to increase knowledge and encourage improved attitudes and practices.
骨质疏松症在老年人群和女性中尤为普遍。骨折会引发许多健康并发症，给卫生系统带来巨大负担。知识的提升将鼓励采取预防骨质疏松症的健康行为，并帮助社区成员避免不健康的生活方式和习惯。本研究的目的是评估贾赞社区男女学生对骨质疏松症的知识、态度和行为。
贾赞地区有13个省，人口超过150万。在本研究中，从7个不同的省选取了440名参与者，并使用骨质疏松症知识评估工具（OKAT）以及5个背景变量和一些关于态度和行为的问题。实施卡方检验以确定背景变量与知识和行为得分之间是否存在任何显著关系。p值小于0.05被认为具有显著性。
在440名参与者中，53%为男性，47%为女性。其中33%有政府工作，73%完成了大学学业，50%的月收入低于5000里亚尔。关于骨质疏松症的危险因素，62人（14%）吸烟，37人（8.4%）使用类固醇，184人（41.8%）有骨质疏松症家族史，393人（89.3%）未参加过骨质疏松症教育活动。OKAT中正确答案数量最多的问题是 “骨质疏松症会增加骨折风险”（423人，96.1%），正确答案数量最少的问题是 “骨质疏松症在男性中更常见”（60人，13.6%）。关于预防骨质疏松症的保护行为，即体育活动、每日摄入乳制品、参加教育活动和背景特征，参加教育活动具有统计学显著性，p值为0.003，但婚姻状况、教育水平、体重指数（BMI）和职业无统计学显著性。对于危险因素，性别具有统计学显著性，每日软饮料摄入量和吸烟也具有统计学显著性，但使用类固醇则不具有统计学显著性。其他背景特征，如教育水平和BMI，作为骨质疏松症危险因素无统计学显著性。
参与者的知识水平较高，但骨质疏松症的危险因素仍然存在，同时保护措施的落实程度较低。强烈建议开展教育活动，以增加知识并鼓励改善态度和行为。
