Geisner Irene Markman, Grossbard Joel, Tollison Sean, Larimer Mary E
University of Washington, Department of Psychiatry & Behavior Sciences.
J Child Adolesc Subst Abuse. 2012;21(2):156-166. doi: 10.1080/1067828x.2012.662433. Epub 2012 Mar 30.
High school students involved in athletics may face additional stressors and engage in more problematic behaviors such as drinking, dieting, and gambling than non-athletes, especially as they near the end of their high school experience. Studies have in general found mixed results as to whether sports serve a protective factor or are a risk factor when it comes to a range of health behaviors.
This study evaluated 653 seniors in high school who were admitted to a large, public, west-coast University, during the spring prior to college entrance, and compared 513 Athletes to 140 non-Athletes across a range of health behaviors.
Those involved in sports were found to drink more than those who were not, and showed a trend for more gambling and dieting. Women athletes dieted significantly more than either male athletes or female non-athletes. Gender and ethnicity differences were found in health behaviors and were controlled for as covariates. Athletes were found to exercise more and spend less time playing video games and using the internet.
Athletic involvement is associated with increased incidence of some risky health behaviors while also being associated with decreased incidence of other problematic behaviors. Implications for understanding and designing prevention and intervention efforts are discussed.
与非运动员相比，参与体育运动的高中生可能面临更多压力源，并表现出更多诸如饮酒、节食和赌博等问题行为，尤其是在高中即将结束时。总体而言，关于体育运动在一系列健康行为中是起到保护作用还是构成风险因素，研究结果不一。
本研究对653名即将进入一所大型公立西海岸大学的高三学生进行了评估，这些学生于大学入学前的春季入学，研究将513名运动员与140名非运动员在一系列健康行为方面进行了比较。
发现参与体育运动的学生比不参与的学生饮酒更多，并且在赌博和节食方面呈现出更多的趋势。女运动员节食的情况比男运动员或非运动员女性都要显著得多。在健康行为方面发现了性别和种族差异，并将其作为协变量进行了控制。发现运动员锻炼更多，花在玩电子游戏和上网的时间更少。
参与体育运动与一些危险健康行为的发生率增加有关，同时也与其他问题行为的发生率降低有关。文中讨论了对于理解和设计预防及干预措施的启示。
