Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
University of Chicago Medical School, Chicago, Illinois.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2023 Jul 1;34(4):324-333. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000960. Epub 2023 Apr 25.
To achieve health equity in eye health and vision care, social determinants of health (SDoH) and the associated social risk factors must be addressed. To address SDoH and social risk factors in ophthalmology, they must first be identified. The purpose of this review was to determine the SDoH and social risk factors in conditions of the cornea that have most recently been explored.
This review identified social risk factors associated with all five domains of SDoH, as outlined by Healthy People 2030. The neighborhood and built environment was the domain identified the most for both exploration and observation. The social and community context domain was the least explored, and healthcare access and quality and social and community context domains were the least observed. The cornea condition explored the most in relation to SDoH was dry eye syndrome.
The findings from this review can inform clinicians on the social risk factors that could be screened for in eye care facilities, so patients can be connected with services to minimize the impact of social risk factors on cornea conditions. Furthermore, the findings have identified cornea conditions and domains of SDoH that are understudied which can be an area for future studies by vision researchers.
为了实现眼部健康和视力保健方面的健康公平，必须解决健康的社会决定因素（SDoH）和相关的社会风险因素。为了在眼科领域解决 SDoH 和社会风险因素，首先必须对其进行识别。本综述的目的是确定最近探索过的角膜疾病的 SDoH 和社会风险因素。
本综述确定了与“健康人 2030”概述的 SDoH 的五个领域相关的社会风险因素。邻里和建筑环境是在探索和观察方面被确定最多的领域。社会和社区环境领域是探索最少的领域，而医疗保健的可及性和质量以及社会和社区环境领域是观察最少的领域。与 SDoH 关系最密切的角膜疾病是干眼症。
本综述的结果可以为临床医生提供有关可以在眼科保健设施中筛查的社会风险因素的信息，以便患者可以与服务联系，以最大限度地减少社会风险因素对角膜疾病的影响。此外，这些结果还确定了研究较少的角膜疾病和 SDoH 领域，这可以成为视觉研究人员未来研究的一个领域。
