Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
J Vis. 2023 Apr 3;23(4):6. doi: 10.1167/jov.23.4.6.
We aimed to advance our understanding of local-global preference by exploring its developmental path within and across sensory modalities: vision and haptics. Neurotypical individuals from six years of age through adulthood completed a similarity judgement task with hierarchical haptic or visual stimuli made of local elements (squares or triangles) forming a global shape (a square or a triangle). Participants chose which of two probes was more similar to a target: the one sharing the global shape (but different local shapes) or the one with the same local shapes (but different global shape). Across trials, we independently varied the size of the local elements and that of the global configuration-the latter was varied by manipulating local element density while keeping their numerosity constant. We found that the size of local elements (but not global size) modulates the effects of age and modality. For stimuli with smaller local elements, the proportion of global responses increased with age and was similar for visual and haptic stimuli. However, for stimuli made of our largest local elements, the global preference was reduced or absent, particularly in haptics, regardless of age. These results suggest that vision and haptics progressively converge toward similar global preference with age, but residual differences across modalities and across individuals may be observed, depending on the characteristics of the stimuli.
我们旨在通过探索视觉和触觉等感觉模态内和跨模态的局部-整体偏好的发展路径来增进我们的理解。从 6 岁到成年的神经典型个体完成了一个具有层次结构的触觉或视觉刺激的相似性判断任务,这些刺激由形成全局形状(正方形或三角形)的局部元素(正方形或三角形)组成。参与者选择两个探针中哪一个与目标更相似:共享全局形状(但局部形状不同)的探针,还是具有相同局部形状(但全局形状不同)的探针。在整个试验过程中,我们独立地改变了局部元素的大小和全局配置的大小-后者通过在保持局部元素数量不变的情况下操纵局部元素密度来改变。我们发现,局部元素的大小(而非全局大小)调节了年龄和模态的影响。对于较小的局部元素的刺激,随着年龄的增长,全局反应的比例增加,并且视觉和触觉刺激的比例相似。然而,对于由我们最大的局部元素组成的刺激,全局偏好降低或不存在,尤其是在触觉中,无论年龄如何。这些结果表明,随着年龄的增长,视觉和触觉逐渐趋于相似的全局偏好,但在模态和个体之间可能会观察到残留的差异,这取决于刺激的特征。