Pesce Stéphane, Mamy Laure, Sanchez Wilfried, Amichot Marcel, Artigas Joan, Aviron Stéphanie, Barthélémy Carole, Beaudouin Rémy, Bedos Carole, Bérard Annette, Berny Philippe, Bertrand Cédric, Bertrand Colette, Betoulle Stéphane, Bureau-Point Eve, Charles Sandrine, Chaumot Arnaud, Chauvel Bruno, Coeurdassier Michael, Corio-Costet Marie-France, Coutellec Marie-Agnès, Crouzet Olivier, Doussan Isabelle, Faburé Juliette, Fritsch Clémentine, Gallai Nicola, Gonzalez Patrice, Gouy Véronique, Hedde Mickael, Langlais Alexandra, Le Bellec Fabrice, Leboulanger Christophe, Margoum Christelle, Martin-Laurent Fabrice, Mongruel Rémi, Morin Soizic, Mougin Christian, Munaron Dominique, Nélieu Sylvie, Pelosi Céline, Rault Magali, Sabater Sergi, Stachowski-Haberkorn Sabine, Sucré Elliott, Thomas Marielle, Tournebize Julien, Leenhardt Sophie
INRAE, UR RiverLy, 69625, Villeurbanne, France.
Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR ECOSYS, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2025 Feb;32(6):2757-2772. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-26952-z. Epub 2023 Apr 26.
Preservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services is critical for sustainable development and human well-being. However, an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity is observed and the use of plant protection products (PPP) has been identified as one of its main causes. In this context, at the request of the French Ministries responsible for the Environment, for Agriculture and for Research, a panel of 46 scientific experts ran a nearly 2-year-long (2020-2022) collective scientific assessment (CSA) of international scientific knowledge relating to the impacts of PPP on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The scope of this CSA covered the terrestrial, atmospheric, freshwater, and marine environments (with the exception of groundwater) in their continuity from the site of PPP application to the ocean, in France and French overseas territories, based on international knowledge produced on or transposable to this type of context (climate, PPP used, biodiversity present, etc.). Here, we provide a brief summary of the CSA's main conclusions, which were drawn from about 4500 international publications. Our analysis finds that PPP contaminate all environmental matrices, including biota, and cause direct and indirect ecotoxicological effects that unequivocally contribute to the decline of certain biological groups and alter certain ecosystem functions and services. Levers for action to limit PPP-driven pollution and effects on environmental compartments include local measures from plot to landscape scales and regulatory improvements. However, there are still significant gaps in knowledge regarding environmental contamination by PPPs and its effect on biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services. Perspectives and research needs are proposed to address these gaps.
生物多样性和生态系统服务的保护对于可持续发展和人类福祉至关重要。然而，目前观察到生物多样性正遭受前所未有的侵蚀，植物保护产品（PPP）的使用被认定为主要原因之一。在此背景下，应法国负责环境、农业和研究的各部要求，一个由46位科学专家组成的小组对与植物保护产品对生物多样性和生态系统服务影响相关的国际科学知识进行了为期近两年（2020 - 2022年）的集体科学评估（CSA）。该科学评估的范围涵盖了法国及法国海外领土内从植物保护产品施用地点到海洋的陆地、大气、淡水和海洋环境（地下水除外），其依据是在此类背景（气候、所使用的植物保护产品、现存生物多样性等）下产生的或可适用的国际知识。在此，我们简要总结该科学评估的主要结论，这些结论源自约4500篇国际出版物。我们的分析发现，植物保护产品污染了包括生物群在内的所有环境介质，并造成直接和间接的生态毒理学效应，这些效应无疑导致了某些生物群体数量的下降，并改变了某些生态系统功能和服务。限制植物保护产品驱动的污染及其对环境组分影响的行动手段包括从地块到景观尺度的局部措施以及监管改进。然而，在植物保护产品对环境污染及其对生物多样性、生态系统功能和服务影响方面，仍存在重大知识空白。本文提出了填补这些空白的观点和研究需求。
