Knott C, Schmidt H M
Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb. 1986;132(1):1-28.
At a greater number of humid preparated human hands, all the ligamentous supports of the digital tendon sheath were exposed and their dimensions were determined. The osteofibrous channels, which contain the long flexor tendons of the digits, were bounded on the one hand by transversely concave shaft areas of the phalanges and the palmar ligaments and on the other side by the fibrous parts of the tendon sheath. From the second to the 5th finger, it has a regular extension of length, which begins proximal at the heads of the metacarpal bones and runs distal to the base of the nail phalanx. In some cases, there is a continuous communication between the digital tendon sheath of the little finger and the carpal synovial sheath. The tendon sheath of the flexor pollicis longus muscle in comparison with it is always in an open communication with the radial synovial sac of the wrist. At the fibrous supports of the digital tendon sheath, one can find constant and inconstant ligamentous structures. Regular shaped ligaments consist of annular fibers (A1 to A5). The proximal complex of fiber supports is a formation of the A1 and A2 ligaments. The band A1 can be divided into 2 ligaments both of roughly equal length, which lay between the head of the metacarpal bone and the base of the proximal phalanx. The strongest fibrous support of the whole digital tendon sheath represents the band A2. It is attached to the midth of the proximal phalanx and increases in strength from proximal to distal. The middle length varies between 6.7 mm at the thumb and 18.7 mm at the middle finger. The distal margin is strengthened by fibrocartilage tissue to be in accordance with the important function as a pulley. The annular band A4 forms the distal supporting complex height above the shaft of the middle phalanx. At the 2nd to the 5th finger it is, with a middle length of 6 to 7 mm, very much shorter than A2 and restrains first of all the tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus muscle. In the area of the interphalangeal joints, we can find the annular bands A3 and A5, which fiber texture is formed variable. Both ligaments are attached on either both sides with the joint capsule and the palmar plate. The other inconstant supports of the digital sheaths are systematically recorded indeed (C1 to C3), but only in exceptional cases they exist of cruciform fibers (Lig. cruciatum).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
在较多经过湿处理的人类手部标本上，显露了指腱鞘的所有韧带支撑结构并测定了其尺寸。容纳手指长屈肌腱的骨纤维管道，一方面由指骨的横向凹陷的骨干区域和掌侧韧带界定，另一方面由腱鞘的纤维部分界定。从示指到小指，其长度呈规则延伸，起始于掌骨头部的近端，向远侧延伸至指甲指骨的基部。在某些情况下，小指的指腱鞘与腕部滑膜鞘之间存在连续交通。相比之下，拇长屈肌的腱鞘始终与腕部的桡侧滑膜囊开放连通。在指腱鞘的纤维支撑结构处，可以发现恒定和不恒定的韧带结构。规则形状的韧带由环形纤维（A1至A5）组成。纤维支撑结构的近端复合体由A1和A2韧带形成。A1带可分为两条长度大致相等的韧带，位于掌骨头部和近端指骨基部之间。整个指腱鞘最强的纤维支撑是A2带。它附着于近端指骨的中部，从近端到远端强度增加。其长度在拇指处为6.7毫米，在中指处为18.7毫米。远端边缘由纤维软骨组织加强，以履行滑轮的重要功能。环形带A4在中指骨干上方形成远端支撑复合体。在示指到小指，其长度为6至7毫米，比A2短得多，主要约束指深屈肌的肌腱。在指间关节区域，可以发现环形带A3和A5，其纤维纹理形成多变。两条韧带均在两侧附着于关节囊和掌板。指腱鞘的其他不恒定支撑结构虽已被系统记录（C1至C3），但仅在极少数情况下存在十字形纤维（十字韧带）。（摘要截断于400字）
