Bouzada Deisyane Fumian, Sol Núncio Antônio Araújo, da Silva Camilo Adalton Mariano
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2023 Feb 13;20(4):515-523. doi: 10.47626/1679-4435-2022-763. eCollection 2022 Oct-Dec.
Mental and behavioral disorders (MBD) are one of the main causes of absence from work in Brazil and worldwide.
To analyze the prevalence of absence from work according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, with stratification of disease defined as "Mental and Behavioral Disorders", in permanent employees of the Federal University of Ouro Preto and its relationships with sociodemographic and occupational determinants, during the period from 2011 to 2019.
An epidemiological, descriptive, and analytical study, with a cross-sectional design and quantitative approach was conducted using primary and secondary data. The population consisted of federal public sector workers who were granted ML to treat their own health during a 9-year period. Analyses were performed using descriptive and bivariate statistics. The Wilcoxon (Mann-Whitney) and Poisson tests were used to assess the existence of associations between variables.
733 medical records of employees eligible according to the inclusion criteria were analyzed. There was a rising trend in ML rates over the 9-year period. Of the sample, 23.2% (n = 170) were absent from work due to mental and behavioral disorders - females accounted for 57.6% and administrative technicians in education for 62.3%. In the multivariate analysis (Poisson test), only the outcome "time of first ML due to mental and behavioral disorders" was associated with the variable "time working at the Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto".
The high prevalence of mental and behavioral disorders found in this investigation is an alert to the magnitude of the problem, highlighting the urgency of implementing measures to detect psychosocial risk factors, whether associated with work or not.
精神和行为障碍（MBD）是巴西乃至全球员工缺勤的主要原因之一。
根据《国际疾病分类》第10版，分析乌罗普雷托联邦大学长期雇员中被定义为“精神和行为障碍”的疾病分层导致的缺勤患病率，及其与社会人口学和职业决定因素之间的关系，研究时间为2011年至2019年。
采用横断面设计和定量方法进行了一项流行病学、描述性和分析性研究，使用了初级和二级数据。研究人群包括在9年期间获得医疗假以治疗自身疾病的联邦公共部门工作人员。使用描述性和双变量统计进行分析。采用Wilcoxon（Mann-Whitney）检验和泊松检验评估变量之间是否存在关联。
分析了733份符合纳入标准的员工病历。在这9年期间，医疗假率呈上升趋势。在样本中，23.2%（n = 170）的员工因精神和行为障碍缺勤——女性占57.6%，教育行政技术人员占62.3%。在多变量分析（泊松检验）中，只有“因精神和行为障碍首次休医疗假的时间”这一结果与“在乌罗普雷托联邦大学工作的时间”这一变量相关。
本次调查发现的精神和行为障碍的高患病率警示了该问题的严重性，凸显了实施措施以检测心理社会风险因素的紧迫性，无论这些因素是否与工作相关。
