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COVID-19 导致的急性心肌梗死、锁骨下静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞 - 病例报告。

Acute Myocardial Infarction, Subclavian Vein Thrombosis, and Pulmonary Embolism Secondary to COVID-19-A Case Report.

机构信息

Department of Urology and General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

St. Karidad MBAL, Karidad Medical Health Center, Cardiology, 4004 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.

出版信息

Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Mar 26;59(4):656. doi: 10.3390/medicina59040656.

Abstract

: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The majority of infected patients develop the clinical picture of a respiratory disease, although some may develop various complications, such as arterial or venous thrombosis. The clinical case presented herein is a rare example of sequential development and combination of acute myocardial infarction, subclavian vein thrombosis (Paget Schroetter syndrome), and pulmonary embolism in the same patient after COVID-19. : A 57-year-old man with a 10-day history of a SARS-CoV-2 infection was hospitalized with a clinical, electrocardiographic, and laboratory constellation of an acute inferior-lateral myocardial infarction. He was treated invasively and had one stent implanted. Three days after implantation, the patient developed shortness of breath and palpitation on the background of a swollen and painful right hand. The signs of acute right-sided heart strain observed on the electrocardiogram and the elevated D-dimer levels strongly suggested pulmonary embolism. A Doppler ultrasound and invasive evaluation demonstrated thrombosis of the right subclavian vein. The patient was administered pharmacomechanical and systemic thrombolysis and heparin infusion. Revascularization was achieved 24 h later via successful balloon dilatation of the occluded vessel. : Thrombotic complications of COVID-19 can develop in a significant proportion of patients. Concomitant manifestation of these complications in the same patient is extremely rare, presenting at the same time, quite a therapeutic challenge to clinicians due to the need for invasive techniques and simultaneous administration of dual antiaggregant therapy combined with an anticoagulant treatment. Such a combined treatment increases the hemorrhagic risk and requires a serious accumulation of data for the purpose of a long-term antithrombotic prophylaxis in patients with such pathology.

摘要

新型冠状病毒病 2019(COVID-19)是由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的传染病。大多数感染患者会出现呼吸道疾病的临床症状,尽管有些患者可能会出现各种并发症,如动脉或静脉血栓形成。本文介绍的临床病例是 COVID-19 后同一患者中急性心肌梗死、锁骨下静脉血栓形成(Paget-Schroetter 综合征)和肺栓塞相继发生和合并的罕见病例。

一名 57 岁男性,感染 SARS-CoV-2 10 天,因急性下外侧心肌梗死的临床、心电图和实验室特征住院。他接受了介入治疗,并植入了一个支架。植入后 3 天,患者在右手肿胀和疼痛的背景下出现呼吸急促和心悸。心电图上观察到的急性右侧心脏应变迹象和升高的 D-二聚体水平强烈提示肺栓塞。多普勒超声和侵入性评估显示右侧锁骨下静脉血栓形成。患者接受了机械溶栓和全身溶栓以及肝素输注。24 小时后,通过成功扩张闭塞血管实现了血运重建。

COVID-19 的血栓并发症在很大比例的患者中发生。这些并发症在同一患者中同时表现出来的情况极为罕见,由于需要侵入性技术和同时给予双联抗血小板治疗联合抗凝治疗,这对临床医生来说是一个极具治疗挑战性的问题。这种联合治疗会增加出血风险,需要认真积累数据,以便为这种病理患者提供长期抗血栓预防。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/770a/10146950/6b2f0172dc22/medicina-59-00656-g001.jpg

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