Vu Joceline V, Lussiez Alisha
Department of Surgery, Temple University Hospital System, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Department of Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 2023 Feb 3;36(3):175-183. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1760870. eCollection 2023 May.
Cigarette smoking is associated with pulmonary and cardiovascular disease and confers increased postoperative morbidity and mortality. Smoking cessation in the weeks before surgery can mitigate these risks, and surgeons should screen patients for smoking before a scheduled operation so that appropriate smoking cessation education and resources can be given. Interventions that combine nicotine replacement therapy, pharmacotherapy, and counseling are effective to achieve durable smoking cessation. When trying to stop smoking in the preoperative period, surgical patients experience much higher than average cessation rates compared with the general population, indicating that the time around surgery is ripe for motivating and sustaining behavior change. This chapter summarizes the impact of smoking on postoperative outcomes in abdominal and colorectal surgery, the benefits of smoking cessation, and the impact of interventions aimed to reduce smoking before surgery.
吸烟与肺部和心血管疾病相关，会增加术后发病率和死亡率。术前几周戒烟可降低这些风险，外科医生应在预定手术前对患者进行吸烟筛查，以便提供适当的戒烟教育和资源。结合尼古丁替代疗法、药物治疗和咨询的干预措施对于实现持久戒烟是有效的。在术前尝试戒烟时，外科手术患者的戒烟率远高于普通人群，这表明手术前后这段时间是激发和维持行为改变的成熟时机。本章总结了吸烟对腹部和结直肠手术术后结局的影响、戒烟的益处以及旨在减少术前吸烟的干预措施的影响。
