Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Avenida da Abolição, 3207, Fortaleza, Brazil; Reef Systems Group, Leibniz Center for Tropical Marine Research (ZMT), Bremen, Germany; Center for Marine and Environmental Studies (CMES), University of the Virgin Islands, Saint Thomas, United States Virgin Islands, USA.
Instituto de Ciências do Mar (LABOMAR), Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Avenida da Abolição, 3207, Fortaleza, Brazil; Projeto Conservação Recifal (PCR), Recife, Brazil.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Aug 15;340:117954. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117954. Epub 2023 Apr 27.
After successful invasions in the Caribbean and Mediterranean, lionfish (Pterois spp.) have recently invaded another important biogeographical region -the Brazilian Province. In this article, we discuss this new invasion, focusing on a roadmap for urgent mitigation of the problem, as well as focused research and management strategies. The invasion in Brazil is already in the consolidation stage, with 352 individuals recorded so far (2020-2023) along 2766 km of coastline. This includes both juveniles and adults, including egg-bearing females, ranging in length from 9.1 to 38.5 cm. Until now, most of the records in the Brazilian coast occurred in the equatorial southwestern Atlantic (99%), mainly on the Amazon mesophotic reefs (15% of the records), northeastern coast of Brazil (45%), and the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (41%; an UNESCO World Heritage Site with high endemism rate). These records cover a broad depth range (1-110 m depth), twelve protected areas, eight Brazilian states (Amapá, Pará, Maranhão, Piauí, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, and Pernambuco) and multiple habitats (i.e., mangrove estuaries, shallow-water and mesophotic reefs, seagrass beds, artificial reefs, and sandbanks), indicating a rapid and successful invasion process in Brazilian waters. In addition, the lack of local knowledge of rare and/or cryptic native species that are potentially vulnerable to lionfish predation raises concerns regarding the potential overlooked ecological impacts. Thus, we call for an urgent integrated approach with multiple stakeholders and solution-based ecological research, real-time inventories, update of environmental and fishery legislation, participatory monitoring supported by citizen science, and a national and unified plan aimed at decreasing the impact of lionfish invasion. The experience acquired by understanding the invasion process in the Caribbean and Mediterranean will help to establish and prioritize goals for Brazil.
在成功入侵加勒比海和地中海地区后，狮子鱼（Pterois spp.）最近又入侵了另一个重要的生物地理区域——巴西海域。本文讨论了这一新的入侵事件，重点介绍了紧急缓解问题的路线图，以及有针对性的研究和管理策略。巴西的入侵已经进入巩固阶段，截至 2023 年，已在 2766 公里的海岸线上记录到 352 条个体（2020-2023 年）。这些个体包括幼鱼和成年鱼，包括怀有鱼卵的雌鱼，体长从 9.1 厘米到 38.5 厘米不等。到目前为止，巴西海岸的大部分记录都发生在赤道西南大西洋（99%），主要在亚马逊中层礁（记录的 15%）、巴西东北部海岸（45%）和费尔南多-迪诺罗尼亚群岛（41%；一个拥有高特有物种率的联合国教科文组织世界遗产地）。这些记录涵盖了广泛的水深范围（1-110 米深）、十二个保护区、巴西的八个州（阿马帕州、帕拉州、马拉尼昂州、皮奥伊州、塞阿拉州、北里奥格兰德州、帕拉伊巴州和伯南布哥州）和多种生境（即红树林河口、浅水和中层礁、海草草甸、人工礁和沙洲），表明狮子鱼在巴西水域的入侵过程迅速而成功。此外，由于缺乏对可能受到狮子鱼捕食影响的稀有和/或隐密本地物种的本地知识，人们对潜在被忽视的生态影响感到担忧。因此，我们呼吁采取紧急的多利益相关者综合方法和基于解决方案的生态研究、实时清查、更新环境和渔业法规、由公民科学支持的参与式监测，以及一个旨在减少狮子鱼入侵影响的国家和统一计划。通过了解加勒比海和地中海地区入侵过程获得的经验将有助于为巴西确定和优先考虑目标。
