Neighbors H W
J Natl Med Assoc. 1986 Apr;78(4):275-82.
This paper examines how sociodemographic factors (income, education, employment status, age, gender, insurance coverage, and place of residence) are related to the use of hospital emergency rooms for serious personal problems in a nationally representative sample of adult black Americans. Bivariate analyses indicated that low income, unemployed, and older respondents were most likely to use the emergency room. Gender, education, insurance coverage, and place of residence were not related to emergency room use. Multivariate analyses revealed that the relationship of age to utilization could be explained by the high prevalence of physical health complaints among the old. The poor and unemployed remained significantly more likely (than the non-poor and those with jobs) to use the emergency room when all other predictors were taken into account. The implications of these findings for health services delivery to the urban black poor and the general illness behavior of black Americans are discussed.
本文以具有全国代表性的成年美国黑人样本为研究对象，探讨社会人口学因素（收入、教育程度、就业状况、年龄、性别、保险覆盖范围和居住地点）与因严重个人问题前往医院急诊室就诊之间的关系。双变量分析表明，低收入、失业和年龄较大的受访者最有可能使用急诊室。性别、教育程度、保险覆盖范围和居住地点与急诊室的使用无关。多变量分析显示，年龄与利用率之间的关系可以通过老年人身体健康问题的高患病率来解释。在考虑了所有其他预测因素后，贫困和失业者使用急诊室的可能性（比非贫困者和有工作的人）仍然显著更高。本文讨论了这些发现对为城市黑人贫困人口提供医疗服务以及美国黑人一般疾病行为的影响。
