Vuoncino Matthew, Humphries Misty D
Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA.
J Vasc Surg Cases Innov Tech. 2023 Mar 23;9(2):101128. doi: 10.1016/j.jvscit.2023.101128. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a disease pattern that involves compression of neurologic venous or arterial structures as they pass through the thoracic outlet. TOS was first described as a vascular complication arising from the presence of a cervical rib. Over time, a better understanding of TOS has led to its wide range of presenting symptoms being divided into three distinct groups: arterial, venous, and neurogenic. Of the known cases, the current estimates of the incidence of neurogenic TOS, venous TOS, and arterial TOS are 95%, 3%, and 1%, respectively. The different types of TOS have completely different presentations, requiring expertise in the diagnosis, management, and treatment unique to each. We present our evaluation, diagnosis, and management method of TOS patients, with specific attention paid to the transaxillary approach.
胸廓出口综合征（TOS）是一种疾病模式，涉及神经、静脉或动脉结构在通过胸廓出口时受到压迫。TOS最初被描述为一种由颈肋引起的血管并发症。随着时间的推移，对TOS的深入了解使其广泛的症状表现被分为三个不同的组：动脉型、静脉型和神经型。在已知病例中，目前对神经型TOS、静脉型TOS和动脉型TOS发病率的估计分别为95%、3%和1%。不同类型的TOS有完全不同的表现，需要针对每种类型进行独特的诊断、管理和治疗的专业知识。我们介绍我们对TOS患者的评估、诊断和管理方法，特别关注经腋窝入路。
