Morishita Momoko, Hojo Masayuki
Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Glob Health Med. 2023 Apr 30;5(2):99-105. doi: 10.35772/ghm.2023.01024.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected the world for over 3 years. Treatment options have improved substantially during this period, including antiviral drugs, antibody drugs, immune-based agents, and vaccination. While these improvements have reduced mortality rates in patients with COVID-19, some patients still develop severe illness. In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of treatments for patients with severe COVID-19 from study reports and clinical experience. We discussed the treatments from two perspectives: respiratory care and drug treatments. In the respiratory care section, we discussed the usefulness of high-flow nasal cannula therapy and non-invasive ventilation as an alternative to invasive ventilation. In the drug treatments section, we focused on three classes for severe COVID-19 treatment: antiviral drugs, immune-based agents, and anticoagulation therapy. We did not discuss antibody drugs and vaccination, as they are not used for severe COVID-19 treatment.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行已影响全球三年多。在此期间，治疗选择有了显著改善，包括抗病毒药物、抗体药物、免疫制剂和疫苗接种。虽然这些改进降低了COVID-19患者的死亡率，但仍有一些患者会发展为重症。在本综述中，我们旨在根据研究报告和临床经验，概述重症COVID-19患者的治疗方法。我们从两个角度讨论了治疗方法：呼吸护理和药物治疗。在呼吸护理部分，我们讨论了高流量鼻导管治疗和无创通气作为有创通气替代方法的有效性。在药物治疗部分，我们重点关注用于重症COVID-19治疗的三类药物：抗病毒药物、免疫制剂和抗凝治疗。我们未讨论抗体药物和疫苗接种，因为它们不用于重症COVID-19治疗。
