Peeters Toon, Houben Bert, Cools Peter, Thys Yati, D'Onofrio Valentino, Martens Sandrina, Jaeger Martin, Doppenberg-Oosting Marije, Netea Mihai G, Gyssens Inge C
Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Jessa Hospital, 3500 Hasselt, Belgium.
Department of Experimental Pathology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), 1090 Brussels, Belgium.
Heliyon. 2023 Apr 1;9(4):e15131. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15131. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Acute appendicitis is a common abdominal emergency worldwide. This study aimed at characterizing environmental risk factors influencing the development and severity of acute appendicitis.
Patients from a Belgian acute appendicitis cohort (n = 374) and healthy controls from the 500 functional genomics (500FG) cohort (n = 513) were compared. Individuals with a history of appendectomy (n = 1067) and without a history of appendectomy (n = 8656) were available from the Nijmegen Biomedical Study (NBS). Questionnaires on demographics, lifestyle and environment were available. Binary logistic regression was used for prediction models.
Fifteen risk factors for developing acute appendicitis were identified. Binary logistic regression showed that 7 were independent risk factors: family history of acute appendicitis, having grown up in a rural environment, having a lower education, probiotic use as well as antibiotic use increased the risk of developing appendicitis. Fruit and fiber-rich vegetable consumption decreased the risk. Findings on vegetable consumption, smoking and level of education were replicated in the NBS population. Independent risk factors for complicated appendicitis were being male, higher age, and a delay to diagnosis of more than 48 h.
Environmental exposures influence the risk of developing appendicitis. Further research into these factors is needed.
急性阑尾炎是全球常见的腹部急症。本研究旨在确定影响急性阑尾炎发生和严重程度的环境风险因素。
对比了来自比利时急性阑尾炎队列的患者（n = 374）和来自500功能基因组学（500FG）队列的健康对照者（n = 513）。从奈梅亨生物医学研究（NBS）中获取了有阑尾切除术史的个体（n = 1067）和无阑尾切除术史的个体（n = 8656）。提供了关于人口统计学、生活方式和环境的调查问卷。采用二元逻辑回归进行预测模型分析。
确定了15个发生急性阑尾炎的风险因素。二元逻辑回归显示，7个是独立风险因素：急性阑尾炎家族史、在农村环境中长大、受教育程度较低、使用益生菌以及使用抗生素会增加患阑尾炎的风险。食用水果和富含纤维的蔬菜会降低风险。蔬菜消费、吸烟和教育水平的研究结果在NBS人群中得到了重复。复杂性阑尾炎的独立风险因素为男性、年龄较大以及诊断延迟超过48小时。
环境暴露会影响患阑尾炎的风险。需要对这些因素进行进一步研究。
