Ceska Gynekol. 2023;88(2):80-85. doi: 10.48095/cccg202380.
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of severe fear of childbirth in a group of pregnant women, to determine the risk factors, and to prove the impact of the fear of childbirth on various obstetrics outcomes in this group.
The study population consists of pregnant women who gave birth at the 2nd Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University and University Hospital Bratislava, from January 1st, 2022, until April 31st, 2022. After signing an informed consent, the pregnant women were given a Slovak version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (S-WDEQ), which is a psychometric tool to evaluate the prevalence of severe fear of childbirth. They were given the S-WDEQ during the 36th and 38th week of gestational age. The childbirth data were collected from the hospital information system after the delivery of the baby.
The studied group consists of 453 pregnant women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Extreme fear of childbirth was identified using S-WDEQ in 10.6% (48) of them. Level of education and age were not considered to be significant predictors of fear of childbirth. Statistically significant difference was not found in terms of the age groups and groups with different levels of education. At the edge of the statistical significance were primiparas, who made up 60.4% (RR: 1.29; 95% CI: 1.00-1.68; P = 0.0525) of all women with severe fear of childbirth. Women with a history of cesarean section were significantly more frequent in the group of women with serious concerns about childbirth (RR: 3.83; 95% CI: 1.56-9.40; P = 0.0033). Women who gave birth by cesarean section due to the indication of non-progressive labour were also more often represented in the group of women with serious concerns about childbirth (RR: 3.01; 95% CI: 1.07-8.42; P = 0.0358). A higher S-WDEQ score at the 36th week of gestational age in a group of primiparous women increased the statistical probability of cesarean delivery (P = 0.0030). The statistical results are not showing the impact of fear of childbirth on the induction success and the duration of the first stage of labour in primiparous women. The fear of childbirth prevalence is relatively high and it has impact on the outcome of childbirth. The use of a validated questionnaire as a screening tool to search for women with childbirth fear could positively influence their concerns by following psychoeducational interventions in clinical care settings.
研究目的是确定一群孕妇中严重分娩恐惧的患病率，确定风险因素，并证明这种恐惧对该组孕妇各种产科结局的影响。
研究人群为 2022 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 4 月 31 日在考门大学和布拉迪斯拉发大学医学院第二妇产科分娩的孕妇。在签署知情同意书后，孕妇接受了斯洛伐克版 Wijma 分娩期望问卷（S-WDEQ），这是一种评估严重分娩恐惧患病率的心理测量工具。他们在妊娠 36 周和 38 周时接受 S-WDEQ 测试。分娩数据是在婴儿分娩后从医院信息系统中收集的。
研究组由 453 名符合纳入标准的孕妇组成。使用 S-WDEQ 在其中 10.6%（48 名）孕妇中发现了极度分娩恐惧。教育程度和年龄被认为不是分娩恐惧的显著预测因素。在年龄组和不同教育程度组之间没有发现统计学上的显著差异。在统计学上接近显著的是初产妇，她们占所有严重分娩恐惧的妇女的 60.4%（RR：1.29；95%CI：1.00-1.68；P=0.0525）。在严重担心分娩的妇女中，有剖宫产史的妇女明显更为常见（RR：3.83；95%CI：1.56-9.40；P=0.0033）。由于产程进展不佳而因指证行剖宫产分娩的妇女在严重担心分娩的妇女中也更为常见（RR：3.01；95%CI：1.07-8.42；P=0.0358）。初产妇在妊娠 36 周时 S-WDEQ 评分较高，增加了剖宫产的统计学概率（P=0.0030）。统计学结果并未显示分娩恐惧对初产妇引产成功率和第一产程持续时间的影响。分娩恐惧的患病率相对较高，对分娩结局有影响。使用经过验证的问卷作为筛查工具来寻找有分娩恐惧的妇女，可以通过在临床护理环境中实施心理教育干预来积极关注她们的担忧。
