1Division of Thoracic Tumor Multimodality Treatment, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Apr 17;14:1145788. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1145788. eCollection 2023.
Extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGCTs) are relatively rare tumors, accounting for 1%-5% of all GCTs. In this review, we summarize the current research progress regarding the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of EGCTs from an immunology perspective.
The histological origin of EGCTs is related to a gonadal origin, but they are located outside the gonad. They show great variation in morphology and can occur in the cranium, mediastinum, sacrococcygeal bone, and other areas. The pathogenesis of EGCTs is poorly understood, and their differential diagnosis is extensive and challenging. EGCT behavior varies greatly according to patient age, histological subtype, and clinical stage.
This review provides ideas for the future application of immunology in the fight against such diseases, which is a hot topic currently.
性腺外生殖细胞肿瘤（EGCTs）较为罕见，占所有生殖细胞肿瘤的 1%-5%。本文从免疫学角度总结了 EGCTs 的发病机制、诊断和治疗的最新研究进展。
EGCTs 的组织学起源与性腺有关，但位于性腺外。其形态学表现多样，可发生于颅、纵隔、骶尾部骨等部位。EGCTs 的发病机制尚不清楚，其鉴别诊断广泛且具有挑战性。EGCT 的行为根据患者年龄、组织学亚型和临床分期而有很大差异。
本文为未来将免疫学应用于此类疾病的治疗提供了思路，这是目前的一个热点话题。
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