Transformation of ameloblastoma to ameloblastic carcinoma in a 10-year-old child.

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare odontogenic malignant epithelial neoplasm of maxillofacial skeleton with a distinct predisposition of the mandible. It can occur in a wide range of age groups, with a sex predilection in males. It can arise either as a de novo lesion or from preexisting ameloblastoma. AC has a high propensity for local recurrence as well as distant metastasis (chiefly lungs), thus requiring an aggressive surgical approach and a strict surveillance. Owing to the rarity of publications describing AC, little is known about this entity in pediatric patients. We report a case of transformation of ameloblastoma into AC in a 10-year-old child.