尼日利亚拉各斯的耳真菌病的临床和微生物学特征。

Clinical and microbiological profile of otomycosis in Lagos, Nigeria.

机构信息

Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos; Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Lagos, Nigeria.

Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.

出版信息

Niger Postgrad Med J. 2023 Apr-Jun;30(2):132-136. doi: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_9_23.

DOI:10.4103/npmj.npmj_9_23

PMID:37148115

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Otomycosis is a global disease, common in the world's tropical and subtropical regions. The diagnosis is clinical, but mycological examination is required for its confirmation. There is a paucity of published data on otomycosis particularly the aetiologic agents in Nigeria. This study aims to fill in this gap by assessing the clinical presentations, risk factors and aetiologic agents of otomycosis in our setting.

METHODS

This was a prospective study of 126 clinically diagnosed patients and 30 controls. Mycological analysis of debris and swab samples from their external auditory canal was carried out.

RESULTS

One hundred and twenty-six patients were recruited, with 162 ear samples collected. There was mycological confirmation of otomycosis in 100 (79.4%) patients (subjects) and 127 (78.4%) specimens. The subjects' age range was 1-80 years, 30.89 ± 21.15 mean age, and 29-year median age. The peak prevalent age of 1-10 years was statistically significant, P = 0.022. The common symptoms in the subjects were itching 86 (86%), ear blockage 84 (84%) and otalgia 73 (73%). Regular ear cleaning 67 (67.0%) was the most common risk factor. Noted aetiologic agents were Aspergillus species 81 (63.8%), Candida species 42 (33.1%) and Yeast 4 (3.1%). Aspergillus flavus (40/127; 31.5%) was the most common fungus isolated. Unilateral otomycosis 73 (73%) was more common than bilateral otomycosis 27 (27%).

CONCLUSION

Otomycosis is common in all ages, and is a commonly unilateral disease. Regular ear cleaning is the most common risk factor. A. flavus was the most common aetiologic agent in this study.

摘要

引言

耳真菌病是一种全球性疾病，常见于世界热带和亚热带地区。其诊断主要依靠临床症状，但需要进行真菌学检查以确诊。目前，有关耳真菌病的研究数据，尤其是尼日利亚的病因，相对较少。本研究旨在通过评估我们研究环境中的临床特征、危险因素和病因，填补这一空白。

方法

这是一项对 126 例临床诊断为耳真菌病的患者和 30 例对照者进行的前瞻性研究。对他们的外耳道碎屑和拭子样本进行了真菌学分析。

结果

共招募了 126 例患者，采集了 162 个耳样本。100 例（79.4%）患者（研究对象）和 127 个（78.4%）标本的真菌学检查结果为阳性。研究对象的年龄范围为 1-80 岁，平均年龄为 30.89±21.15 岁，中位数年龄为 29 岁。1-10 岁年龄段的患者数量最多，且具有统计学意义，P=0.022。研究对象最常见的症状为瘙痒 86 例（86%）、耳闷塞感 84 例（84%）和耳痛 73 例（73%）。经常清洁耳朵是最常见的危险因素，有 67 例（67.0%）。研究中主要的病因包括曲霉菌属 81 例（63.8%）、假丝酵母菌属 42 例（33.1%）和酵母菌 4 例（3.1%）。最常见的真菌为黄曲霉菌（40/127；31.5%）。单侧耳真菌病 73 例（73%）比双侧耳真菌病 27 例（27%）更常见。