Clark M M, Spencer C A, Galef B G
Physiol Behav. 1986;36(5):845-51. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(86)90441-5.
In a series of three experiments we examined: (Experiment 1) responses to novel odors by early- and late-maturing not-pregnant, pregnant, nursing and postweaning female Mongolian gerbils, (Experiment 2) the response of the same eight groups of female gerbils to unfamiliar pups, and (Experiment 3) the rate of induction of maternal behavior by concaveation in early- and late-maturing nulliparous gerbils. We found: (1) that those females that responded relatively positively to novel odors in Experiment 1 were more likely to retrieve and less likely to attack unfamiliar pups in Experiment 2 than those females responding relatively negatively to novel odors in Experiment 1, and (2) that early-maturing nulliparous gerbils both responded more positively to novel odors and exhibited more rapid induction of maternal behavior by concaveation than late-maturing nulliparous gerbils. The results both confirm and extend Fleming and Rosenblatt's (1974) hypothesis that differences in response to novel odors mediate individual differences in maternal responsiveness.
在一系列三个实验中，我们研究了：（实验1）未怀孕、怀孕、哺乳和断奶后的早熟和晚熟雌性蒙古沙鼠对新气味的反应；（实验2）同一八组雌性沙鼠对陌生幼崽的反应；以及（实验3）早熟和晚熟未生育沙鼠通过凹窝诱导母性行为的速率。我们发现：（1）在实验1中对新气味反应相对积极的雌性沙鼠，与在实验1中对新气味反应相对消极的雌性沙鼠相比，在实验2中更有可能找回陌生幼崽，且攻击陌生幼崽的可能性更小；（2）早熟未生育的沙鼠对新气味的反应更积极，并且通过凹窝诱导母性行为的速度比晚熟未生育的沙鼠更快。这些结果证实并扩展了弗莱明和罗森布拉特（1974年）的假设，即对新气味反应的差异介导了母性反应性的个体差异。
