Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City C. P. 07738, Mexico.
Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Zacatenco, Mexico City C. P. 07738, Mexico.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2023 Sep;43:103596. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103596. Epub 2023 May 4.
Melanoma is a highly metastatic skin cancer with limited response to current therapies in advanced patients. To overcome resistance, novel treatments based on photodynamic and photothermal therapies (PDT and PTT, respectively) have been developed to treat melanoma in preclinical murine models. Despite success inhibiting implanted tumors' growth, there has been limited evaluation of their long-term effectiveness in preventing metastasis, recurrence, or improving survival rates.
Combined and multidrug therapies based on PDT and/or PTT to treat cutaneous malignant melanoma in the preclinical mouse model were reviewed from 2016 onwards. PubMed® was the database in which the search was performed using mesh search algorithms resulting in fifty-one studies that comply with strict inclusion rules of screening.
B16 melanoma-bearing C57BLACK6 mice model was the most used to evaluate immunotherapies, chemotherapies, and targeted therapies in combination with PDT and/or PTT. Combined therapies demonstrated a synergistic effect, resulting in intense antitumor activity. The most extensively studied protocol for developing metastatic models involved the intravenous administration of malignant cells, with some combined therapies being tested. Furthermore, the review presents the composition of the nanostructures utilized for delivering the drugs and light-responsive agents and the treatment plans for each combined approach.
The identified mechanisms to simulate metastatic melanoma models and the therapeutic combinations may aid in evaluating the systemic protection of combined PDT and PTT-based therapies, particularly in conducting short-term preclinical experiments. Such simulations could have relevance to clinical studies.
黑色素瘤是一种高度转移性皮肤癌，目前对晚期患者的治疗反应有限。为了克服耐药性，已经开发了基于光动力和光热疗法（分别为 PDT 和 PTT）的新型治疗方法，用于治疗临床前鼠模型中的黑色素瘤。尽管成功抑制了植入肿瘤的生长，但对它们在预防转移、复发或提高生存率方面的长期有效性的评估有限。
从 2016 年起，综述了基于 PDT 和/或 PTT 的联合和多药治疗用于临床前小鼠模型中皮肤恶性黑色素瘤的研究。使用网格搜索算法在 PubMed®数据库中进行了搜索，共检索到符合严格筛选规则的 51 项研究。
B16 黑色素瘤荷瘤 C57BLACK6 小鼠模型是最常用于评估免疫疗法、化疗和靶向治疗与 PDT 和/或 PTT 联合治疗的模型。联合治疗显示出协同作用，导致强烈的抗肿瘤活性。最广泛研究的开发转移性模型的方案涉及静脉注射恶性细胞，一些联合治疗已进行了测试。此外，本综述介绍了用于递药和光响应剂的纳米结构的组成以及每种联合方法的治疗方案。
所确定的模拟转移性黑色素瘤模型的机制和治疗组合可能有助于评估基于 PDT 和 PTT 的联合治疗的系统保护作用，特别是在进行短期临床前实验时。这些模拟可能与临床研究相关。
