观察 PURE 波兰队列研究 9 年后与控制高血压相关的社会人口学和行为因素。

Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with controlled hypertension after 9 years of observation of a PURE Poland cohort study.

机构信息

Division of Population Studies and Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Department of Population Health, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.

Division of Public Health, Department of Population Health, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2023 Apr 21;11:1167515. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1167515. eCollection 2023.

DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1167515

PMID:37151593

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10160614/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Despite some improvement in awareness and treatment of hypertension, blood pressure control is still below expectations in Poland. The aim of the study was to analyze the secular trend of hypertension prevalence in the PURE Poland cohort study over 9 years of observation and to analyze factors associated with controlled HT.

METHODS

The study group consisted of 1,598 participants enrolled in a Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological Study (PURE), who participated both in baseline (2007-2010) and 9-year follow-up (2016-2019). Hypertension was ascertained on the basis of (1) self-reported hypertension previously diagnosed by the physician, (2) self-reported anti-hypertensive medication, and/or (3) an average of two blood pressure measurements ≥140 mmHg systolic BP and/or ≥90 mmHg diastolic BP.

RESULTS

The prevalence of hypertension increased from 69.4% at baseline to 85.9% at 9-year follow-up. The chance of HT was 8.6-fold higher in the oldest vs. the youngest age group [OR 8.55; CI 4.47-16.1]. Male sex increased the chance for hypertension over 3-fold [OR 3.23; CI 2.26-4.73]. Obesity, according to BMI, increased the chance of HT 8-fold [OR 8.01; CI 5.20-12.8] in comparison with normal body weight. Male sex decreased the chance of controlled HT after 9 years [OR 0.68; CI 0.50-0.92]. There was no statistically significant association between controlled HT and age or place of residence. Higher and secondary education increased the chance of controlled HT over 2-fold in comparison with primary education [OR 2.35; CI 1.27-4.34, OR 2.34; CI 1.33-4.11]. Obesity significantly decreased the chance of controlled HT after 9 years in comparison with normal body weight [OR 0.54; CI 0.35-0.83].

CONCLUSION

Factors significantly increasing the chance for controlled hypertension after 9 years were female sex, secondary and tertiary education, normal body weight, and avoiding alcohol drinking. Changes in lifestyle, with special emphasis on maintaining normal body weight, should be the basis of prevention and control of HT.

摘要

简介

尽管人们对高血压的认识和治疗有所提高，但波兰的血压控制情况仍不尽如人意。本研究旨在分析 PURE 波兰队列研究中 9 年观察期间高血压患病率的长期趋势，并分析与血压控制相关的因素。

方法

该研究组包括参加前瞻性城乡流行病学研究（PURE）的 1598 名参与者，他们均参加了基线（2007-2010 年）和 9 年随访（2016-2019 年）。高血压的诊断依据为：（1）医生先前诊断的高血压；（2）自我报告的抗高血压药物；（3）两次平均血压测量值均≥140mmHg 收缩压和/或≥90mmHg 舒张压。

结果

高血压的患病率从基线时的 69.4%上升到 9 年随访时的 85.9%。与最年轻年龄组相比，年龄最大的年龄组发生高血压的几率高 8.6 倍[比值比（OR）8.55；95%置信区间（CI）4.47-16.1]。男性发生高血压的几率是女性的 3 倍以上[OR 3.23；95%CI 2.26-4.73]。根据 BMI，肥胖使高血压的几率增加 8 倍[OR 8.01；95%CI 5.20-12.8]。与 9 年后相比，男性发生高血压的几率降低[OR 0.68；95%CI 0.50-0.92]。控制高血压与年龄或居住地之间无统计学显著关联。与小学教育相比，接受高等和中等教育可使控制高血压的几率增加 2 倍以上[OR 2.35；95%CI 1.27-4.34，OR 2.34；95%CI 1.33-4.11]。与正常体重相比，肥胖使高血压控制后的几率降低[OR 0.54；95%CI 0.35-0.83]。