Zhu Xianghe, Luchetti Martina, Aschwanden Damaris, Sesker Amanda A, Stephan Yannick, Sutin Angelina R, Terracciano Antonio
College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA.
Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
J Happiness Stud. 2023 Feb;24(2):629-650. doi: 10.1007/s10902-022-00613-3. Epub 2022 Dec 29.
This study aimed to examine the associations between subjective well-being (SWB) and risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD). We adopted a multidimensional approach to SWB that included the level and breadth of SWB, the latter indicating the extent to which SWB spreads across life domains. Participants (=171,197; mean age=56.78; =8.16 years) were part of the UK Biobank and were followed up to 8.78 years. Domain-general and domain-specific SWB were measured by single items, and the breadth of SWB was indexed with a cumulative score of satisfaction across domains. Dementia incidence was ascertained through hospital and death records. Cox regression was used to examine the association between SWB indicators and risk of all-cause dementia, AD, and VD. General happiness, health and family satisfaction, and satisfaction breadth (satisfaction in multiple domains) were associated with lower risk of all-cause dementia. The associations held after accounting for socio-demographics, health, behavioral, and economic covariates, and depressive symptoms. Health satisfaction and the breadth of satisfaction were also associated with lower risk of AD and VD, with a pattern of slightly stronger associations for VD compared to AD. Some life domains (e.g., health) may be more fruitfully targeted to promote well-being and help protect against dementia, but it is also important to enhance well-being across multiple domains to maximize the protective effects.
本研究旨在探讨主观幸福感（SWB）与全因性痴呆、阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（VD）风险之间的关联。我们采用了一种多维方法来研究主观幸福感，该方法包括主观幸福感的水平和广度，后者表明主观幸福感在各个生活领域的分布程度。参与者（n = 171,197；平均年龄 = 56.78岁；标准差 = 8.16岁）来自英国生物银行，并随访了8.78年。通过单项指标测量领域通用和领域特定的主观幸福感，主观幸福感的广度用各领域满意度的累积得分来衡量。通过医院记录和死亡记录确定痴呆发病率。使用Cox回归分析主观幸福感指标与全因性痴呆、AD和VD风险之间的关联。总体幸福感、健康和家庭满意度以及满意度广度（多个领域的满意度）与全因性痴呆风险较低相关。在考虑了社会人口统计学、健康、行为和经济协变量以及抑郁症状后，这些关联依然存在。健康满意度和满意度广度也与AD和VD风险较低相关，与AD相比，VD的关联模式略强。一些生活领域（如健康）可能更有针对性地促进幸福感并有助于预防痴呆，但跨多个领域提高幸福感以最大化保护作用也很重要。
