Department of Botany, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
J C Bose Center for Plant Genomics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2023 Jun;50(6):5319-5343. doi: 10.1007/s11033-023-08429-x. Epub 2023 May 8.
Mechanical wounding (MW) is mainly caused due to high wind, sand, heavy rains and insect infestation, leading to damage to crop plants and an increase in the incidences of pathogen infection. Plants respond to MW by altering expression of genes, proteins, and metabolites that help them to cope up with the stress.
In order to characterize maize transcriptome in response to mechanical wounding, a microarray analysis was executed. The study revealed 407 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (134 upregulated and 273 downregulated). The upregulated genes were engaged in protein synthesis, transcription regulation, phytohormone signaling-mediated by salicylic acid, auxin, jasmonates, biotic and abiotic stress including bacterial, insect, salt and endoplasmic reticulum stress, cellular transport, on the other hand downregulated genes were involved in primary metabolism, developmental processes, protein modification, catalytic activity, DNA repair pathways, and cell cycle.
The transcriptome data present here can be further utilized for understanding inducible transcriptional response during mechanical injury and their purpose in biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Furthermore, future study concentrating on the functional characterization of the selected key genes (Bowman Bird trypsin inhibitor, NBS-LRR-like protein, Receptor-like protein kinase-like, probable LRR receptor-like ser/thr-protein kinase, Cytochrome P450 84A1, leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase, jasmonate O-methyltransferase) and utilizing them for genetic engineering for crop improvement is strongly recommended.
机械损伤（MW）主要由大风、沙尘、暴雨和虫害引起，导致作物受损，病原体感染增加。植物通过改变基因、蛋白质和代谢物的表达来应对 MW，以帮助它们应对压力。
为了研究玉米转录组对机械损伤的响应，进行了微阵列分析。研究发现了 407 个差异表达基因（DEGs）（134 个上调和 273 个下调）。上调基因参与蛋白质合成、转录调控、水杨酸、生长素、茉莉酸介导的植物激素信号转导、生物和非生物胁迫（包括细菌、昆虫、盐和内质网胁迫）、细胞运输，而下调基因则参与初级代谢、发育过程、蛋白质修饰、催化活性、DNA 修复途径和细胞周期。
这里提供的转录组数据可进一步用于理解机械损伤过程中的诱导转录响应及其在生物和非生物胁迫耐受中的作用。此外，强烈建议未来的研究集中于对选定关键基因（ Bowman Bird 丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂、NBS-LRR 样蛋白、类受体蛋白激酶样、可能的 LRR 受体样丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶、细胞色素 P450 84A1、无色花色素双加氧酶、茉莉酸 O-甲基转移酶）的功能特征进行研究，并利用它们进行作物改良的遗传工程。
