Opt Express. 2023 Mar 27;31(7):11363-11394. doi: 10.1364/OE.485543.
The availability of electromagnetic pulses with controllable field waveform and extremely short duration, even below a single optical cycle, is imperative to fully harness strong-field processes and to gain insight into ultrafast light-driven mechanisms occurring in the attosecond time-domain. The recently demonstrated parametric waveform synthesis (PWS) introduces an energy-, power- and spectrum-scalable method to generate non-sinusoidal sub-cycle optical waveforms by coherently combining different phase-stable pulses attained via optical parametric amplifiers. Significant technological developments have been made to overcome the stability issues related to PWS and to obtain an effective and reliable waveform control system. Here we present the main ingredients enabling PWS technology. The design choices concerning the optical, mechanical and electronic setups are justified by analytical/numerical modeling and benchmarked by experimental observations. In its present incarnation, PWS technology enables the generation of field-controllable mJ-level few-femtosecond pulses spanning the visible to infrared range.
可提供具有可控场波形和极短持续时间（甚至短于单个光周期）的电磁脉冲，对于充分利用强场过程和深入了解飞秒时域中发生的超快光驱动机制至关重要。最近展示的参量波形合成（PWS）通过相干地组合通过光参量放大器获得的不同相位稳定脉冲，引入了一种可扩展能量、功率和光谱的方法来产生非正弦亚周期光波形。已经取得了重大的技术发展，以克服与 PWS 相关的稳定性问题，并获得有效的和可靠的波形控制系统。在这里，我们提出了实现 PWS 技术的主要因素。光学、机械和电子设置的设计选择通过分析/数值建模进行了论证，并通过实验观察进行了基准测试。在其当前的形式中，PWS 技术能够产生场可控的 mJ 级别的几飞秒脉冲，覆盖可见到红外范围。
