Opt Express. 2023 May 8;31(10):16054-16066. doi: 10.1364/OE.487560.
Single-photon light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has emerged as a strong candidate technology for active imaging applications. In particular, the single-photon sensitivity and picosecond timing resolution permits high-precision three-dimensional (3D) imaging capability through atmospheric obscurants including fog, haze and smoke. Here we demonstrate an array-based single-photon LiDAR system, which is capable of performing 3D imaging in atmospheric obscurant over long ranges. By adopting the optical optimization of system and the photon-efficient imaging algorithm, we acquire depth and intensity images through dense fog equivalent to 2.74 attenuation lengths at distances of 13.4 km and 20.0 km. Furthermore, we demonstrate real-time 3D imaging for moving targets at 20 frames per second in mist weather conditions over 10.5 km. The results indicate great potential for practical applications of vehicle navigation and target recognition in challenging weather.
单光子光探测和测距（LiDAR）已经成为主动成像应用的有力候选技术。特别是，单光子灵敏度和皮秒定时分辨率允许通过包括雾、霾和烟在内的大气混浊物实现高精度的三维（3D）成像能力。在这里，我们展示了一种基于阵列的单光子 LiDAR 系统，该系统能够在长距离范围内对大气混浊物进行 3D 成像。通过采用系统的光学优化和光子高效成像算法，我们在距离为 13.4 公里和 20.0 公里处获取了相当于 2.74 衰减长度的浓雾中的深度和强度图像。此外，我们在 10.5 公里的雾天条件下以每秒 20 帧的速度演示了移动物体的实时 3D 成像。结果表明，在具有挑战性的天气条件下，车辆导航和目标识别的实际应用具有很大的潜力。
