Gritzka Susan, Angerer Peter, Erschens Rebecca, Diebig Mathias
Institut für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Centre for Health and Society (chs), Medizinische Fakultät, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf.
Innere Medizin VI, Abteilung für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen.
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol. 2023 Oct;73(9-10):378-387. doi: 10.1055/a-2055-1738. Epub 2023 May 9.
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the world of work. Due to additional occupational health and safety measures early childhood professionals were faced with an increased workload, which may lead to an increased risk for their individual health. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to obtain updated prevalences of psychosocial work stress (effort-reward imbalance, ERI), overcommitment as well as somatic symptoms and their association during the COVID-19 pandemic. Early childhood professionals from a large city in North Rhine-Westphalia (N=1009) participated in the survey between June 2020 and May 2021. The Effort-Reward Imbalance at work questionnaire (16 items version) was used to assess work stress, and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-15) was used to assess somatic symptoms. A multiple logistic regression tested the association between work stress and somatic health. In total, 72.3% of the sample showed an effort-reward imbalance, 25.0% showed a high overcommitment. The overall prevalence of somatization at a moderate to high level was 45.2%. Effort-reward imbalance and high overcommitment increased the odds of severe symptom presence by a factor of 4.12 and 5.20, respectively. This study shows the high number of effort-reward imbalances, the high overcommitment and the above-average prevalence of somatic complaints among early childhood professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. In view of these high prevalences and their relationships, there is still a strong need for action and research to reduce work-related stress in this occupational group as well as to investigate the persistence of and the management of somatic symptoms in order to develop long-term preventive measures.
新冠疫情改变了工作领域。由于额外的职业健康与安全措施，幼儿教育专业人员面临工作量增加的情况，这可能会增加他们个人健康风险。这项横断面研究的目的是获取新冠疫情期间心理社会工作压力（努力-回报失衡，ERI）、过度投入以及躯体症状的最新患病率及其关联。来自北莱茵-威斯特法伦州一个大城市的幼儿教育专业人员（N = 1009）于2020年6月至2021年5月参与了该调查。使用工作中的努力-回报失衡问卷（16项版本）评估工作压力，使用患者健康问卷（PHQ - 15）评估躯体症状。多元逻辑回归检验了工作压力与躯体健康之间的关联。总体而言，72.3%的样本存在努力-回报失衡，25.0%表现出高度过度投入。中度至高度躯体化的总体患病率为45.2%。努力-回报失衡和高度过度投入使出现严重症状的几率分别增加了4.12倍和5.20倍。这项研究表明，在新冠疫情期间，幼儿教育专业人员中存在大量的努力-回报失衡、高度过度投入以及高于平均水平的躯体不适患病率。鉴于这些高患病率及其相互关系，仍然迫切需要采取行动和开展研究，以减轻该职业群体与工作相关的压力，并调查躯体症状的持续性和管理方法，以便制定长期预防措施。
