金黄色葡萄球菌在即食熟牛肉接触表面形成生物膜的附着特性和动力学。

Attachment characteristics and kinetics of biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus on ready-to-eat cooked beef contact surfaces.

机构信息

College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.

National R&D Center For Vegetable Procession, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.

出版信息

J Food Sci. 2023 Jun;88(6):2595-2610. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.16592. Epub 2023 May 9.

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a food-borne pathogen that quickly forms biofilm on meat contact surfaces and thus poses a serious threat to the safety of the meat industry. This study evaluated the attachment, survival, and growth of S. aureus biofilm with exposure to environmental factors in the meat industry by simulated ready-to-eat (RTE) cooked beef product contamination scenarios. The results indicated that the meat-borne S. aureus biofilm formation dynamic could be divided into four different phases: initial adhesion (4-12 h), exponential (12-24 h), slow growth (1-3 days), and stationary (3-7 days). Meat-borne S. aureus has strong adhesion and biofilm formation ability, and its biofilm exhibits persistence, high-intensity metabolic activity, aerotaxis, and strain heterogeneity. This study has also demonstrated that in the long-term existence of meat-borne S. aureus biofilm on stainless steel and plexiglass surfaces (>7 days, 7.2-8.8 log CFU/cm ), expose to RTE cooked beef products, may cause it to become high-risk contaminated food. Meat-borne S. aureus that forms a dense and rough concave-convex in the shape of biofilm architecture was observed by scanning electron microscopy, consisting of complex components and adhesion of living and dead cells. This was further confirmed by the meat-borne S. aureus biofilm on the stainless steel surface by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and the dominant peaks in biofilm spectra were mainly associated with proteins, polysaccharides, amino acid residues, and phospholipids (>50%). These findings may help in the identification of the main sources of contamination within the meat industry and the subsequent establishment of strategies for biofilm prevention and removal. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study revealed the meat-borne S. aureus biofilm formation mechanism and found that it exhibited strong colonization and biofilm-forming ability, which can persist on the contact surfaces of ready-to-eat beef products. These initial findings could provide information on the behavior of meat-borne S. aureus biofilm attached to meat contact surfaces under conditions commonly encountered in meat environments, which help to support the determination of the main sources of contamination within the meat industry and the subsequent establishment of strategies for biofilm prevention and removal. It was also helpful in controlling biofilm contamination and improving meat safety to minimize it.

摘要

金黄色葡萄球菌是一种食源性病原体,它会在与肉接触的表面迅速形成生物膜,从而对肉类行业的安全构成严重威胁。本研究通过模拟即食(RTE)熟牛肉产品污染场景,评估了金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜在肉类行业环境因素下的附着、存活和生长情况。结果表明,肉源金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜形成动态可分为四个不同阶段:初始附着(4-12 小时)、指数增长(12-24 小时)、缓慢生长(1-3 天)和稳定(3-7 天)。肉源金黄色葡萄球菌具有很强的附着和生物膜形成能力,其生物膜表现出持久性、高强度代谢活性、趋化性和菌株异质性。本研究还表明,在不锈钢和有机玻璃表面长期存在肉源金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜(>7 天,7.2-8.8 log CFU/cm )的情况下,暴露于 RTE 熟牛肉产品中,可能使其成为高风险污染食品。扫描电子显微镜观察到肉源金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜呈密集、粗糙的凹凹凸凸形状,由复杂的成分和活细胞与死细胞的附着组成。这一点通过不锈钢表面的肉源金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜得到了衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱的进一步证实,生物膜光谱中的主要峰主要与蛋白质、多糖、氨基酸残基和磷脂(>50%)有关。这些发现可能有助于识别肉类行业中的主要污染来源,并随后制定生物膜预防和去除策略。实际应用:本研究揭示了肉源金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜形成机制,发现其具有较强的定植和生物膜形成能力,可在即食牛肉产品的接触表面持续存在。这些初步发现可以提供关于肉源金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜附着在肉接触表面时在肉类环境中常见条件下行为的信息,有助于支持确定肉类行业中的主要污染来源,并随后制定生物膜预防和去除策略。这对于控制生物膜污染和提高肉类安全性也很有帮助,应尽量减少其发生。

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