Limido Ettore, Weinzierl Andrea, Harder Yves, Menger Michael D, Laschke Matthias W
Institute for Clinical and Experimental Surgery, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany.
Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Tissue Eng Part B Rev. 2023 Dec;29(6):605-622. doi: 10.1089/ten.TEB.2023.0069. Epub 2023 Jun 7.
Adipose tissue resorption after fat grafting is a major drawback in plastic and reconstructive surgery, which is primarily caused by the insufficient blood perfusion of the grafts in the initial phase after transplantation. To overcome this problem, several promising strategies to boost the vascularization and, thus, increase survival rates of fat grafts have been developed in preclinical studies in recent years. These include the angiogenic stimulation of the grafts by growth factors and botulinum neurotoxin A, biologically active gels, and cellular enrichment, as well as the physical and pharmacological stimulation of the transplantation site. To transfer these approaches into future clinical practice, it will be necessary to establish standardized procedures for their safe application in humans. If this succeeds, the surgical outcomes of fat grafting may be markedly improved, resulting in a significant reduction of the physical and psychological stress for the patients.
脂肪移植后脂肪组织的吸收是整形和重建手术中的一个主要缺点，这主要是由于移植后初始阶段移植物的血液灌注不足所致。为克服这一问题，近年来在临床前研究中已开发出几种有前景的策略来促进血管生成，从而提高脂肪移植物的存活率。这些策略包括通过生长因子和肉毒杆菌神经毒素A对移植物进行血管生成刺激、生物活性凝胶、细胞富集，以及对移植部位进行物理和药理刺激。为将这些方法应用于未来的临床实践，有必要建立其在人体安全应用的标准化程序。如果成功，脂肪移植的手术效果可能会显著改善，从而显著减轻患者的身心压力。
