Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Malatya Training and Research Hospıtal, Malatya, Turkey;
Department of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Elazig Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2023 May 1;51(3):85-90. doi: 10.15586/aei.v51i3.828. eCollection 2023.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) has a complex pathophysiology. The course of the disease is affected by both environmental factors and allergen hypersensitivities. Food and aeroallergens have a significant role in the pathogenesis and disease control.
In this study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of food and aeroallergen sensitivity of children with AD.
Children under 18 years with AD who applied to pediatric allergy and immunology outpatient clinics were evaluated. All patients had a skin prick test (SPT) within most common food and aeroallergens.
One hundred seventy three patients were studied. Most of the moderate and severe AD patients were boys (boys 64% vs. girls 47%). Symptoms started earlier and positive results in SPTs with food allergens were more common in patients with SCORAD (SCORing Atopic Dermatitis) >25 (p < 0.0001). Egg white (39%), egg yolk (31%), cow's milk (13%) and wheat flour (5%), were the most common allergens, respectively. The SCORAD scores were higher in multiple food sensitized patients' groups (p < 0.001). Although, food sensitizations were prevalent in patients who had higher SCORAD scores (p = 0.001), there was no significant difference in sensitization with aeroallergens. (p = 0.392).
Sensitizations to both food and aeroallergens are common in patients with AD. In addition, sensitization to these allergens and SCORAD severity in patients with AD have positive correlation.
特应性皮炎（AD）具有复杂的病理生理学。疾病的病程既受环境因素的影响，也受过敏原过敏的影响。食物和空气过敏原在发病机制和疾病控制中起重要作用。
本研究旨在确定 AD 儿童食物和空气过敏原敏感性的流行情况。
评估了就诊于儿科过敏和免疫门诊的 18 岁以下 AD 儿童。所有患者均接受最常见食物和空气过敏原的皮肤点刺试验（SPT）。
研究了 173 例患者。大多数中重度 AD 患者为男孩（男孩 64%比女孩 47%）。在 SCORAD（特应性皮炎评分）>25 的患者中，症状更早出现，食物过敏原 SPT 阳性结果更常见（p < 0.0001）。最常见的过敏原分别为蛋清（39%）、蛋黄（31%）、牛奶（13%）和小麦粉（5%）。在多重食物致敏患者组中，SCORAD 评分更高（p < 0.001）。尽管在 SCORAD 评分较高的患者中食物致敏更为普遍（p = 0.001），但与空气过敏原的致敏并无显著差异（p = 0.392）。
AD 患者中食物和空气过敏原的致敏均很常见。此外，这些过敏原的致敏与 AD 患者的 SCORAD 严重程度呈正相关。
