Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, Coimbra, Portugal;
Allergy and Clinical Immunology Department, Coimbra Hospital and University Center, Coimbra, Portugal.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2023 May 1;51(3):117-123. doi: 10.15586/aei.v51i3.820. eCollection 2023.
Urticaria is a common disorder, estimated to affect 2.1 to 6.7% of children and adolescents, and is a frequent cause of emergency department (ED) admissions.
The aim of this study was to retrospectively characterize the clinical features of children and adolescents with a diagnosis of urticaria, evaluated in a tertiary care pediatric ED between 2015 and 2019. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 27.0.
A total of 2254 episodes of urticaria were counted with 98.1% corresponding to acute urticaria (AU). A suspected trigger factor was identified in 51.6% of the episodes, namely infections (27.8%), drugs (9.9%) and food (7.6%). From these episodes, excluding infections, only 59.2% were referred to an Allergy Consultation for further study, with only 18.8% (drug) and 28.3% (food) confirmed as the AU trigger. Of the 43 episodes of chronic urticaria (CU), 79% were referred to consultation, with 23 being diagnosed with chronic spontaneous urticaria, 8 with inducible urticaria and 3 with both entities. Older age (p < 0.001), personal history of atopy (p = 0.019) and angioedema (p = 0.003) were factors associated with CU, while the presence of other accompanying symptoms (p = 0.007) was associated with AU. Older age (OR = 1.2; p < 0.001) and the presence of angioedema (OR = 2.7; p = 0.007) were identified as independent factors for CU.
The majority of episodes corresponded to AU. Infections were the main suspected trigger, followed by drugs and food, with an overall confirmation rate ranging from 18 to 30%, highlighting the importance of an allergologic follow-up evaluation.
荨麻疹是一种常见疾病，估计影响 2.1%至 6.7%的儿童和青少年，是急诊科（ED）就诊的常见原因。
本研究旨在回顾性描述 2015 年至 2019 年间在三级儿科 ED 就诊的荨麻疹患儿的临床特征。采用 IBM SPSS Statistics 版本 27.0 进行统计分析。
共记录了 2254 例荨麻疹发作，其中 98.1%为急性荨麻疹（AU）。51.6%的发作可确定疑似诱因，分别为感染（27.8%）、药物（9.9%）和食物（7.6%）。在这些发作中，排除感染后，仅有 59.2%被转介至过敏咨询以进一步研究，仅有 18.8%（药物）和 28.3%（食物）被确认为 AU 的诱因。43 例慢性荨麻疹（CU）中，79%被转介咨询，其中 23 例诊断为慢性自发性荨麻疹，8 例为诱导性荨麻疹，3 例为两者均有。年龄较大（p<0.001）、个人特应病史（p=0.019）和血管性水肿（p=0.003）与 CU 相关，而伴有其他伴随症状（p=0.007）与 AU 相关。年龄较大（OR=1.2；p<0.001）和血管性水肿（OR=2.7；p=0.007）是 CU 的独立危险因素。
大多数发作是 AU。感染是主要的疑似诱因，其次是药物和食物，总确认率在 18%至 30%之间，强调了进行过敏评估的重要性。
