Méndez-Aguado Cristina, Cangas Adolfo J, Aguilar-Parra José M, Lirola María J
Hum-760 Research Team, Department of Psychology, Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.
Hum-878 Research Team, Department of Psychology, Health Research Centre, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Apr 25;11(9):1215. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11091215.
The current high prevalence of people with Severe Mental Disorder and the high impact the latter has on their quality of life is one of the main problems in terms of health, as it affects both physical and mental health. One of the lines of action to intervene in these factors is the practice of physical activity, as this usually has a low level of participation due to different barriers. However, there are several facilitators that improve adherence to these practices. The main objectives of this work were (1) to conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature on the possible benefits obtained by people with SMD from their participation in physical activity programmes; (2) to identify the characteristics of physical activity programmes and determine the barriers to their implementation that have been considered and (3) the facilitators incorporated. To meet these objectives, the SCOPUS, Web of Science, PubMed, Dialnet and Elsevier online databases were consulted and, following the PRISMA statement, 17 articles were finally selected. Their analysis has revealed various physical, psychological and social benefits, as well as the barriers that appear in the intervention programmes, mostly related to personal factors and the programme itself, and those factors that facilitate their adherence or development, the most common being the carrying out of the activities outdoors, the inclusion of social components and the possibility of adapting the activities. In this way, the results obtained have made it possible to highlight the characteristics that should be taken into account when planning this type of intervention.
目前，重度精神障碍患者的高患病率及其对患者生活质量的严重影响是健康领域的主要问题之一，因为它同时影响身心健康。干预这些因素的行动方针之一是进行体育活动，但由于各种障碍，体育活动的参与度通常较低。然而，有几个促进因素可以提高对这些活动的坚持性。这项工作的主要目标是：（1）对关于重度精神障碍患者参与体育活动计划可能获得的益处的科学文献进行系统综述；（2）确定体育活动计划的特点，并找出已被考虑到的实施障碍；（3）找出所纳入的促进因素。为实现这些目标，查阅了SCOPUS、科学网、PubMed、Dialnet和爱思唯尔在线数据库，并按照PRISMA声明，最终选定了17篇文章。对这些文章的分析揭示了各种身体、心理和社会效益，以及干预计划中出现的障碍，这些障碍大多与个人因素和计划本身有关，还揭示了促进坚持或开展这些活动的因素，最常见的是在户外开展活动、纳入社交成分以及调整活动的可能性。通过这种方式，所获得的结果突出了在规划这类干预措施时应考虑的特点。
