Saat N Z M, Hanawi Siti Aishah, Chew Nurul Hasanah Hasmuni, Ahmad Mahadir, Farah Nor M F, Kadar Masne, Yahya Hanis Mastura, Warif Nor Malia Abd, Daud Muhammad Khairuddin Md
Programme Biomedical Science, Centre of Community Health (ReaCH), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
SOFTAM, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Apr 28;11(9):1260. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11091260.
Over the last few decades, the time adolescents spend using electronic devices has increased significantly. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of screen time and physical activity on eating behaviour in adolescents. This study used the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A) Malay version and the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) Malay version methods with secondary students around the Klang Valley. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. With parents' consent, an online survey was conducted among adolescent school children aged between 13 and 17 years during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. There were 372 respondents participating in this study. The results showed that 99.4% of them had more than 4 h screen time a day, and that 38.5% have more than three devices at home. Moreover, there was a significant mean difference in screen time for console games without a handheld device between male and female adolescents ( < 0.05). There was also a significant mean difference in the emotional, restricted and external eating behaviour scores between male and female adolescents ( < 0.001). There was a significant relationship between physical activity and the time duration spent on a television, telephone and laptop during weekends ( < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between eating behaviour and time spent watching television and using laptops during weekends ( < 0.05). Based on the moderation model, gender as a moderator variable indicated that there was a significant relationship between screen time and interaction screen time and gender with emotional eating ( < 0.001). Female adolescents had a stronger relationship between screen time and emotional eating compared to male adolescents ( < 0.05). Meanwhile, for physical activity level as a moderator variable, the results showed that there was a significant interaction between screen time and physical activity for emotional eating behaviour ( < 0.05). In conclusion, this study indicates that screen time was higher among female adolescents and significantly related to emotional eating behaviour. Therefore, the educational sector should emphasise the motivation of adolescents to engage in physical activity, reduce their screen time and eat healthy foods such as fruits and vegetables.
在过去几十年里，青少年使用电子设备的时间显著增加。本研究的目的是评估青少年的屏幕使用时间和体育活动对其饮食行为的影响。本研究采用青少年体育活动问卷（PAQ - A）马来语版和荷兰饮食行为问卷（DEBQ）马来语版方法，对巴生谷地区的中学生进行研究。所采用的抽样技术是目的抽样。在获得家长同意后，于马来西亚巴生谷地区新冠疫情期间，对13至17岁的青少年在校学生进行了一项在线调查。共有372名受访者参与了本研究。结果显示，其中99.4%的人每天屏幕使用时间超过4小时，38.5%的人家里有三台以上设备。此外，在没有手持设备的情况下，男性和女性青少年玩游戏机的屏幕使用时间存在显著的平均差异（<0.05）。男性和女性青少年在情绪性、限制性和外部饮食行为得分上也存在显著的平均差异（<0.001）。周末期间，体育活动与花在电视、电话和笔记本电脑上的时长之间存在显著关系（<0.05）。周末期间，饮食行为与看电视和使用笔记本电脑的时长之间存在显著关系（<0.05）。基于调节模型，性别作为调节变量表明，屏幕使用时间和互动屏幕时间与性别和情绪性饮食之间存在显著关系（<0.001）。与男性青少年相比，女性青少年的屏幕使用时间与情绪性饮食之间的关系更强（<0.05）。同时，对于体育活动水平作为调节变量，结果显示屏幕使用时间和体育活动在情绪性饮食行为方面存在显著交互作用（<0.05）。总之，本研究表明女性青少年的屏幕使用时间更长，且与情绪性饮食行为显著相关。因此，教育部门应强调激励青少年参与体育活动，减少他们的屏幕使用时间，并食用健康食品，如水果和蔬菜。
