Canine mucosal antrectomy.

Our primary aim was to determine whether mucosal antrectomy decreases postcibal serum gastrin and gastric acid secretion. In four dogs with proximal gastric vagotomy and a Heidenhain pouch, mucosal antrectomy decreased the integrated postcibal serum gastrin response from a mean +/- SEM of 2.0 +/- 0.2 ng X h/mL before antrectomy to 0.8 +/- 0.1 ng X h/mL after antrectomy, while it decreased postcibal output of hydrochloric acid from the pouch from 9.5 +/- 3.3 mEq/7 h (9.5 +/- 3.3 mmol/7 h) to 4.3 +/- 2.2 mEq/7 h (4.3 +/- 2.2 mmol/7 h). However, these decreases were temporary in two of the four dogs. In five additional dogs without vagotomy, the distal, antral, mucosal gastrin level increased from 1 +/- 1 micrograms/g of tissue before mucosal antrectomy to 5 +/- 1 micrograms/g of tissue after the antrectomy. Moreover, gastrin and G cells were present in corporal mucosa transferred to the antrum in three of five dogs after the antrectomy, where none had been present in the corporal mucosa before the antrectomy. The conclusion was that mucosal antrectomy decreased serum gastrin and hydrochloric acid output from the stomach, but that these changes were counteracted in part by hyperplasia of residual G cells and G-cell neogenesis after the operation.