Jakobsen Andreas Lindegaard
Department of Sociology & Social Work, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2023 Jul;77(7):447-453. doi: 10.1136/jech-2022-220242. Epub 2023 Apr 26.
Previous studies have shown that neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation is related to mental health problems, with chronic stress responses as one possible biopsychological pathway; however, less is known about the possible long-term effects of neighbourhood deprivation throughout the life course. The aim of this study was to examine the association between neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation in early childhood and perceived stress in early adulthood.
Data from the, Danish National Health Survey 2017 in which Cohen's 10-item Perceived Stress Scale was measured (range 0-40) were used to follow a cohort consisting of all survey respondents aged 20-24 years born between 1992 and 1996. The respondents were linked to Danish register data, including data on the parent(s) with whom the respondents lived, to measure family-level socioeconomic characteristics, parental mental health problems and neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation at age 3 for each respondent. Furthermore, the respondents were linked to georeferenced neighbourhoods. Linear mixed models were used to estimate the association between neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation at age 3 and perceived stress at age 20-24.
A 1 SD increase in neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation in early childhood was associated with a 0.59-point increase in perceived stress in early adulthood (95% CI 0.41 to 0.77). The association was attenuated but remained statistically significant after controlling for individual and family characteristics and neighbourhood socioeconomic deprivation in early adulthood (coef 0.26, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.46).
The findings suggest that children growing up in more socioeconomically deprived neighbourhoods may be prone to higher levels of perceived stress later in life.
先前的研究表明，社区社会经济剥夺与心理健康问题有关，慢性应激反应是一种可能的生物心理途径；然而，关于社区剥夺在整个生命历程中可能产生的长期影响，我们了解得较少。本研究的目的是检验儿童早期社区社会经济剥夺与成年早期感知压力之间的关联。
使用2017年丹麦全国健康调查的数据，其中测量了科恩的10项感知压力量表（范围为0 - 40），以追踪一个队列，该队列由1992年至1996年出生的所有20 - 24岁的调查受访者组成。受访者与丹麦登记数据相关联，包括与受访者同住的父母的数据，以衡量每个受访者在3岁时的家庭层面社会经济特征、父母心理健康问题和社区社会经济剥夺情况。此外，受访者与地理参考社区相关联。使用线性混合模型来估计3岁时社区社会经济剥夺与20 - 24岁时感知压力之间的关联。
儿童早期社区社会经济剥夺增加1个标准差与成年早期感知压力增加0.59分相关（95%可信区间为0.41至0.77）。在控制了个体和家庭特征以及成年早期的社区社会经济剥夺后，这种关联有所减弱，但仍具有统计学意义（系数为0.26，95%可信区间为0.06至0.46）。
研究结果表明，在社会经济剥夺程度较高的社区中成长的儿童在以后的生活中可能更容易感受到较高水平的压力。
