King Matthew J, Girard Todd A, Benjamin Aaron S, Christensen Bruce K
Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA.
Memory. 2023 Aug;31(7):948-961. doi: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2212429. Epub 2023 May 15.
The mechanisms underlying a tendency among individuals with depression to report personal episodic memories with low specificity remain to be understood. We assessed a sample of undergraduate students with dysphoria to determine whether depression relates to a broader dysregulation of balancing accuracy and informativeness during memory reports. Specifically, we investigated metamnemonic processes using a quantity-accuracy profile approach. Recall involved three phases with increasing allowance for more general, or coarse-grained, responses: (a) forced-precise responding, requiring high precision; (b) free-choice report with high and low penalty incentives on accuracy; (c) a lexical description phase. Individuals with and without dysphoria were largely indistinguishable across indices of retrieval, monitoring, and control aspects of metamemory. The results indicate intact metacognitive processing in young individuals with dysphoria and provide no support for the view that impaired metacognitive control underlies either memory deficits or bias in memory reports that accompany dysphoria.
抑郁症患者倾向于报告特异性较低的个人情景记忆的潜在机制仍有待了解。我们评估了一组患有烦躁不安的本科生样本，以确定抑郁症是否与记忆报告过程中平衡准确性和信息性的更广泛失调有关。具体而言，我们使用数量-准确性概况方法研究了元记忆过程。回忆包括三个阶段，对更笼统或粗略的回答的容忍度逐渐增加：(a) 强制精确回答，要求高精度；(b) 对准确性有高低惩罚激励的自由选择报告；(c) 词汇描述阶段。在元记忆的检索、监测和控制方面的指标上，有或没有烦躁不安的个体在很大程度上没有区别。结果表明，患有烦躁不安的年轻人的元认知加工是完整的，并且不支持以下观点：元认知控制受损是记忆缺陷或伴随烦躁不安的记忆报告偏差的基础。
