Watanabe Koichiro
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kyorin University School of Medicine.
Brain Nerve. 2023 May;75(5):573-578. doi: 10.11477/mf.1416202381.
Tricyclic antidepressants possess anticholinergic, alpha 1 anti-adrenergic, and H1 antihistaminic properties, and an overdose affects patients' quality of life, which has led to the development of novel antidepressant drugs. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are non-sedating drugs that selectively reuptake serotonin and are effective against anxiety. Adverse effects of SSRIs include gastrointestinal disturbances, sexual dysfunction, and bleeding tendency. Serotonin noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are non-sedating agents that are expected to improve volition. SNRIs are effective against chronic pain, although they are associated with gastrointestinal symptoms, tachycardia, and elevated blood pressure. Mirtazapine is a sedative drug used in patients with anorexia and insomnia. However, drowsiness and weight gain are known adverse effects of this medication. Vortioxetine is a non-sedative drug associated with gastrointestinal symptoms; however, insomnia and sexual dysfunction are less common.
三环类抗抑郁药具有抗胆碱能、α1抗肾上腺素能和H1抗组胺特性,过量服用会影响患者生活质量,这促使了新型抗抑郁药的研发。选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂(SSRI)是非镇静药物,可选择性地再摄取5-羟色胺,对焦虑有效。SSRI的不良反应包括胃肠道不适、性功能障碍和出血倾向。5-羟色胺去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(SNRI)是非镇静药物,有望改善意志。SNRI对慢性疼痛有效,尽管它们与胃肠道症状、心动过速和血压升高有关。米氮平是一种用于治疗厌食症和失眠症患者的镇静药物。然而,嗜睡和体重增加是这种药物已知的不良反应。伏硫西汀是一种与胃肠道症状有关的非镇静药物;然而,失眠和性功能障碍不太常见。