Cai Zhenhang, Newman Galen, Lee Jaekyung, Ye Xinyue, Retcheless David, Zou Lei, Ham Youngjib
Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning, Texas A&M University, College Station, USA.
Department of Urban Design and Planning, Hongik University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Geomat Nat Hazards Risk. 2023;14(1). doi: 10.1080/19475705.2023.2192332. Epub 2023 Mar 27.
Due to its vulnerability to hurricanes, Galveston Island, TX, USA, is exploring the implementation of a coastal surge barrier (also referred to as the "Ike Dike") for protection from severe flood events. This research evaluates the predicted effects that the coastal spine will have across four different storm scenarios, including a Hurricane Ike scenario and 10-year, 100-year, and 500-year storm events with and without a 2.4ft. sea level rise (SLR). To achieve this, we develop a 1:1 ratio, 3-dimensional urban model and ran real-time flood projections using ADCIRC model data with and without the coastal barrier in place. Findings show that inundated area and property damages due to flooding will both significantly decrease if the coastal spine is implemented, with a 36% decrease in the inundated area and $4 billion less in property damage across all storm scenarios, on average. When including SLR, the amount of protection of the Ike Dike diminishes due to flooding from the bay side of the island. While the Ike Dike does appear to offer substantial protection from flooding in the short term, integrating the coastal barrier with other non-structural mechanisms would facilitate more long-term protection when considering SLR.
由于易受飓风影响，美国得克萨斯州加尔维斯顿岛正在探索实施沿海风暴潮屏障（也称为“艾克堤坝”）以抵御严重洪水事件。本研究评估了沿海脊梁在四种不同风暴情景下的预测效果，包括飓风艾克情景以及有和没有2.4英尺海平面上升（SLR）情况下的10年、100年和500年风暴事件。为实现这一目标，我们构建了一个1:1比例的三维城市模型，并使用有和没有沿海屏障情况下的ADCIRC模型数据进行实时洪水预测。研究结果表明，如果实施沿海脊梁，洪水造成的淹没面积和财产损失都将显著减少，在所有风暴情景下，淹没面积平均减少36%，财产损失平均减少40亿美元。当考虑海平面上升时，由于来自岛屿海湾一侧的洪水，艾克堤坝的保护作用会减弱。虽然艾克堤坝在短期内似乎能提供大量防洪保护，但在考虑海平面上升时，将沿海屏障与其他非结构性机制相结合将有助于实现更长期的保护。
