Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.
Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey.
Biofabrication. 2023 Jun 5;15(3). doi: 10.1088/1758-5090/acd6bf.
Recent advancements in tissue engineering have demonstrated a great potential for the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) tissue structures such as cartilage and bone. However, achieving structural integrity between different tissues and fabricating tissue interfaces are still great challenges. In this study, ancrosslinked hybrid, multi-material 3D bioprinting approach was used for the fabrication of hydrogel structures based on an aspiration-extrusion microcapillary method. Different cell-laden hydrogels were aspirated in the same microcapillary glass and deposited in the desired geometrical and volumetric arrangement directly from a computer model. Alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose were modified with tyramine to enhance cell bioactivity and mechanical properties of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells-laden bioinks. Hydrogels were prepared for extrusion by gelling in microcapillary glass utilizing ancrosslink approach with ruthenium (Ru) and sodium persulfate photo-initiating mechanisms under visible light. The developed bioinks were then bioprinted in precise gradient composition for cartilage-bone tissue interface using microcapillary bioprinting technique. The biofabricated constructs were co-cultured in chondrogenic/osteogenic culture media for three weeks. After cell viability and morphology evaluations of the bioprinted structures, biochemical and histological analyses, and a gene expression analysis for the bioprinted structure were carried out. Analysis of cartilage and bone formation based on cell alignment and histological evaluation indicated that mechanical cues in conjunction with chemical cues successfully induced MSC differentiation into chondrogenic and osteogenic tissues with a controlled interface.
近年来，组织工程学的发展展示了制造三维（3D）组织结构（如软骨和骨骼）的巨大潜力。然而，实现不同组织之间的结构完整性和制造组织界面仍然是巨大的挑战。在这项研究中，使用了一种交联混合的多材料 3D 生物打印方法，基于抽吸挤出微毛细管方法制造水凝胶结构。不同的细胞负载水凝胶被抽吸到同一微毛细管玻璃中，并直接从计算机模型中以所需的几何和体积排列沉积。将海藻酸盐和羧甲基纤维素用酪胺进行改性，以提高细胞生物活性和负载人骨髓间充质干细胞的生物墨水的机械性能。通过使用钌（Ru）和过硫酸钠光引发机制在可见光下进行交联方法，在微毛细管玻璃中凝胶化来制备用于挤出的水凝胶。然后使用微毛细管生物打印技术，在精确的梯度组成下对软骨-骨骼组织界面进行生物打印。将生物制造的构建体在软骨形成/成骨培养基中共同培养三周。对生物打印结构的细胞活力和形态评估、生物化学和组织学分析以及生物打印结构的基因表达分析进行后，基于细胞排列和组织学评估分析软骨和骨骼形成的结果表明，机械线索与化学线索相结合成功地诱导 MSC 分化为具有可控界面的软骨和成骨组织。
