Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Medical Virology, The School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Department of Medical Virology, The School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Jun;55:325-331. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.04.012. Epub 2023 Apr 19.
It is well-established that vitamins have many beneficial roles and protect humans against inflammatory diseases. Vitamin D, a lipid-soluble vitamin, plays a crucial role in viral infections. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate if serum 25(OH)D levels affect morbidity, mortality, and levels of inflammatory parameters in COVID-19 patients.
140 COVID-19 patients participated in this study (65 outpatients and 75 inpatients). Their blood samples were collected to determine TNFα, IL-6, D-dimer, zinc, Ca, and 25(OH)D levels. Patients with O saturation <93% were admitted and hospitalized in the infectious disease ward (inpatient group). Patients with O saturation >93% received routine treatment and were discharged (Outpatient group).
The serum levels of 25(OH)D in the inpatient group were significantly lower than those in the outpatient group (p < 0.001). Serum TNF-α, IL-6, and D-dimer levels in the inpatient group were significantly higher than those in the outpatient group (p < 0.001). Serum TNF-α, IL-6, and D-dimer levels were inversely correlated with 25(OH)D levels. No significant differences were observed in the serum levels of zinc and Ca between the studied groups (p = 0.96, p = 0.41 respectively). Ten out of 75 patients in the inpatient group were admitted to ICU (intubated). Nine out of them lost their lives (the mortality rate in ICU-admitted patients was 90%).
The lower mortality and severity of COVID-19 patients with higher 25(OH)D levels represented that this vitamin alleviates the severity of COVID-19.
众所周知，维生素具有多种有益作用，可以预防人类炎症性疾病。脂溶性维生素 D 在病毒感染中发挥着至关重要的作用。因此，本研究旨在探讨血清 25(OH)D 水平是否会影响 COVID-19 患者的发病率、死亡率和炎症参数水平。
本研究纳入了 140 名 COVID-19 患者（65 名门诊患者和 75 名住院患者）。采集他们的血液样本以测定 TNFα、IL-6、D-二聚体、锌、钙和 25(OH)D 水平。血氧饱和度＜93%的患者被收治于传染病病房（住院组）。血氧饱和度＞93%的患者接受常规治疗并出院（门诊组）。
住院组血清 25(OH)D 水平明显低于门诊组（p＜0.001）。住院组血清 TNF-α、IL-6 和 D-二聚体水平明显高于门诊组（p＜0.001）。住院组血清 TNF-α、IL-6 和 D-二聚体水平与 25(OH)D 水平呈负相关。两组间血清锌和钙水平无显著差异（p=0.96，p=0.41）。住院组 75 名患者中有 10 名被收住 ICU（气管插管）。其中 9 人死亡（ICU 收治患者的死亡率为 90%）。
25(OH)D 水平较高的 COVID-19 患者的死亡率和疾病严重程度较低，表明这种维生素可减轻 COVID-19 的严重程度。
