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肌肉特异性、肝脏靶向的腺相关病毒基因治疗可挽救成年和新生 Gaa 小鼠的庞贝病表型。

Muscle-specific, liver-detargeted adeno-associated virus gene therapy rescues Pompe phenotype in adult and neonate Gaa mice.

机构信息

Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, Inserm, Genethon, Integrare Research Unit UMR_S951, Evry, France.

Genethon, Evry, France.

出版信息

J Inherit Metab Dis. 2024 Jan;47(1):119-134. doi: 10.1002/jimd.12625. Epub 2023 May 29.

Abstract

Pompe disease (PD) is a neuromuscular disorder caused by acid α-glucosidase (GAA) deficiency. Reduced GAA activity leads to pathological glycogen accumulation in cardiac and skeletal muscles responsible for severe heart impairment, respiratory defects, and muscle weakness. Enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant human GAA (rhGAA) is the standard-of-care treatment for PD, however, its efficacy is limited due to poor uptake in muscle and the development of an immune response. Multiple clinical trials are ongoing in PD with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors based on liver- and muscle-targeting. Current gene therapy approaches are limited by liver proliferation, poor muscle targeting, and the potential immune response to the hGAA transgene. To generate a treatment tailored to infantile-onset PD, we took advantage of a novel AAV capsid able to increase skeletal muscle targeting compared to AAV9 while reducing liver overload. When combined with a liver-muscle tandem promoter (LiMP), and despite the extensive liver-detargeting, this vector had a limited immune response to the hGAA transgene. This combination of capsid and promoter with improved muscle expression and specificity allowed for glycogen clearance in cardiac and skeletal muscles of Gaa adult mice. In neonate Gaa , complete rescue of glycogen content and muscle strength was observed 6 months after AAV vector injection. Our work highlights the importance of residual liver expression to control the immune response toward a potentially immunogenic transgene expressed in muscle. In conclusion, the demonstration of the efficacy of a muscle-specific AAV capsid-promoter combination for the full rescue of PD manifestation in both neonate and adult Gaa provides a potential therapeutic avenue for the infantile-onset form of this devastating disease.

摘要

庞贝病(PD)是一种由酸性α-葡萄糖苷酶(GAA)缺乏引起的神经肌肉疾病。GAA 活性降低导致心脏和骨骼肌中病理性糖原积累,从而导致严重的心脏损伤、呼吸缺陷和肌肉无力。用重组人 GAA(rhGAA)进行酶替代疗法是 PD 的标准治疗方法,然而,由于肌肉摄取效果不佳和免疫反应的发展,其疗效有限。基于肝和肌肉靶向的腺相关病毒(AAV)载体的多项临床试验正在进行中。目前的基因治疗方法受到肝脏增殖、肌肉靶向不佳和对 hGAA 转基因潜在免疫反应的限制。为了针对婴儿期发病的 PD 生成一种量身定制的治疗方法,我们利用了一种新型 AAV 衣壳,与 AAV9 相比,它能够增加骨骼肌靶向性,同时减少肝脏过载。当与肝-肌肉串联启动子(LiMP)结合时,尽管有广泛的肝脱靶作用,但该载体对 hGAA 转基因的免疫反应有限。这种具有改善肌肉表达和特异性的衣壳和启动子的组合允许在 Gaa 成年小鼠的心脏和骨骼肌中清除糖原。在 Gaa 成年小鼠中,即使在 6 个月后注射 AAV 载体,也观察到糖原含量和肌肉力量的完全恢复。我们的工作强调了残留肝脏表达对控制肌肉中潜在免疫原性转基因表达的免疫反应的重要性。总之,肌肉特异性 AAV 衣壳-启动子组合在新生和成年 Gaa 中完全挽救 PD 表现的功效的证明为这种毁灭性疾病的婴儿期发病形式提供了一种潜在的治疗途径。

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