Haematology Department, New South Wales Health Pathology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Methods Mol Biol. 2023;2663:429-440. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3175-1_28.
Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) was first described in 2021 and represents an adverse reaction to adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccines AstraZeneca ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) and Johnson & Johnson Ad26.COV2.S vaccine. VITT is a severe immune platelet activation syndrome with an incidence of 1-2 per 100,000 vaccinations. The features of VITT include thrombocytopenia and thrombosis within 4-42 days of first dose of vaccine. Affected individuals develop platelet-activating antibodies against platelet factor 4 (PF4). The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis recommends both an antigen-binding assay (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA) and a functional platelet activation assay for the diagnostic workup of VITT. Here, the application of multiple electrode aggregometry (Multiplate) is presented as a functional assay for VITT.
疫苗诱导的免疫性血栓性血小板减少症（VITT）于 2021 年首次被描述，代表了对腺病毒载体 COVID-19 疫苗阿斯利康 ChAdOx1 nCoV-19（AZD1222）和强生 Ad26.COV2.S 疫苗的不良反应。VITT 是一种严重的免疫性血小板激活综合征，发病率为每 10 万接种者中有 1-2 例。VITT 的特征包括在接种疫苗后 4-42 天内血小板减少和血栓形成。受影响的个体产生针对血小板因子 4（PF4）的血小板激活抗体。国际血栓与止血学会建议在 VITT 的诊断中同时进行抗原结合测定（酶联免疫吸附测定，ELISA）和功能性血小板激活测定。在此，提出了多电极聚集法（Multiplate）作为 VITT 的功能性测定。
