Engel J, Caldecott-Hazard S, Bandler R
Epilepsia. 1986;27 Suppl 2:S3-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb05739.x.
Controversy exists concerning whether epileptic seizures can produce enduring alterations in neuronal function that cause interictal behavioral disturbances. Although arguments favoring the occurrence of epilepsy-induced disorders of behavior must not be presented in a way that adds to the stigmata associated with epilepsy, it is not in the best interest of epileptic patients to deny this possible relationship and overlook an opportunity to prevent or treat a major cause of disability. There is evidence to suggest that psychosocial factors cannot account for all the behavioral problems suffered by patients with epilepsy. Behavioral disturbances ascribed to antiepileptic drugs and specific structural lesions may also be due, in part, to epileptogenic mechanisms. Some interictal behavioral disturbances may actually reflect unrecognized ictal events. Most importantly, data obtained from clinical research and animal investigations suggest testable hypotheses of how recurrent epileptic seizures can alter neuronal function in ways that would predispose to specific disruptive interictal behaviors, such as aggression, depression and schizophrenia.
关于癫痫发作是否会引起神经元功能的持久改变从而导致发作间期行为障碍，目前存在争议。尽管支持癫痫诱发行为障碍发生的观点不应以增加与癫痫相关的耻辱感的方式呈现，但否认这种可能的关系并忽视预防或治疗主要致残原因的机会，对癫痫患者并非最有利。有证据表明，社会心理因素不能解释癫痫患者所遭受的所有行为问题。归因于抗癫痫药物和特定结构损伤的行为障碍，在一定程度上也可能是由致痫机制引起的。一些发作间期行为障碍实际上可能反映了未被识别的发作事件。最重要的是，从临床研究和动物研究中获得的数据表明，关于复发性癫痫发作如何以易引发特定破坏性发作间期行为（如攻击、抑郁和精神分裂症）的方式改变神经元功能，存在可检验的假设。
